1. cell structure and types

1.

CELL STRUCTURE AND
TYPES

2.

Lesson objectives
⚫ Understand the cell content
⚫ Compare structures of different cell
types

3.

Lets think!
⚫Human body has approximately 75
trillion cell. But there are more than
75 trillion bacteria in and on our
body. How it is possible? Any ideas?

4.

CELL
⚫Cell is basic unit of life.
⚫All living things are made up of cells.

5.

Look how different cells can look like.

6.

There are two main types of the cell:
⚫1) prokaryotic cell
⚫2) eukaryotic cell

7.

Differences between prokaryotic
and eukaryotic cells
Prokaryotic cells
Eukaryotic cells
Don’t have nucleus
Have nucleus
Don’t have membranous organelles,
have only non-membranous
organelles (ex. ribosome)
Have both membranous and nonmembranous organelles
Smaller in size
Bigger in size (20-100 times)
❖ Organelle- органелла
❖ Nucleus - ядро
❖ Membranous – покрытая мембраной
(оболочкой), мембранамен (жарғақпен)
қапталған

8.

9.

Prokaryotes are
Bacteria
Eukaryotes are protists,
fungi, plants, animals

10.

Structure of eukaryotic cell
⚫There are three main parts of the
cell:
⚫1) cell membrane
⚫2) cytoplasm
⚫3) nucleus

11.

Cell membrane
⚫Cell membrane is outer cover of the cell
⚫It is flexible and made up of lipid.

12.

13.

14.

15.

Nucleus
◦ The nucleus is the
control center of
the cell.
◦ The nucleus
contains genetic
material called
DNA

16.

Cytoplasm
⚫Cytoplasm is
found between
cell membrane
and nucleus.
⚫It has a jelly-like
structure

17.

18.

Parts of cytoplasm

19.

Organelles in the cell are:
organelles
Functions
Vacuole
Store cell sap
Ribosome(non-membranous)
Produce proteins
Endoplasmatic reticulum
Makes and transports materials within
the cell
Mitochondria
Produce energy
Chloroplast
Do photosynthesis
Lysosomes
Intracellular digestion
Golgi bodies
Modifies, packs and transports
materials out of the cell

20.

Cell wall
⚫Cell wall is hard cover that surrounds cell
membrane.
⚫All prokaryotes, plants, fungi and some
Protista have cell wall.

21.

22.

Endoplasmic reticulum

23.

24.

Golgi apparatus

25.

26.

Lysosome

27.

28.

Mitochondria

29.

30.

31.

Review questions
⚫1) what is the main difference between
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

32.

⚫2) which organelle can be found in both
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

33.

⚫3) give example for prokaryotic cell

34.

⚫4) give examples for eukaryotic cell.

35.

Homework
⚫1) read p.
⚫2) literacy questions
⚫3) new words