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1. CII1SE15CI-Z17 Introduction to Programming C#
Edip ŞENYÜREK1
2. Hardware Software Operating System
23. Computer Hardware
34. Desktop Computer Parts
45. Notebook Computer Parts
56. What’s a Computer?
• A computer is a device that processes data and computes results underthe direction of a program
• Notice that the computer does nothing by itself
• It is told what to do by a program (software)
• Program refers to a specific set of instructions given to the computer to
accomplish a specific task
• Compute the sum of N numbers
• Find min/max of N numbers
• Sort numbers
• Compute average grade of a class
• Find the shortest path between 2 cities
• …
• Programs, in general, are referred to as software.
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7. Program (Software)
• Conceptually a program is a step-by-step solution to a problem• Also named an algorithm
• A well-defined computational procedure that takes some values (data) as
input and produces some results as output
Input (DATA)
ALGORITHM
Output (Results)
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8. More on Software
Algorithm StepsIP
Step1
Step2
Step3
Step4
Step5
DATA
StepN
Pseudo-code (Human-readable)
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9. Basic Computer Structure
910. Hardware
• The computercomponents, such as
monitors, printers,
keyboards, and some
other of its electronic is
called hardware.
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11. The System Unit (Computer Case)
1112. The Connectors
1213. Typical Desktop PC Connections
1314. Hardware (Computer Architecture)
CPUMemory
System
Input/Output (I/O)
Devices
Bus
• Central Processing Unit (CPU)
• Executes instructions
• Random Access Memory (RAM)
• Stores volatile data
• Input/Output (I/O) Devices
• Keyboard, Monitor, Disk, Mouse, Network Card, …
• Used to input/output data
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15. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
• The Central ProcessingUnit (CPU) or processor
is the portion of a
computer system that
carries out the instructions
of a computer program,
and is the primary element
carrying out the computer's
functions.
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16. CPU
• CPU is the brain of the computer.• Executes instructions specified by the program.
• Computers with higher CPU clock frequencies are faster.
(Hz)
• Most of the CPU’s are now 64-bit.
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17. Central Processing Unit (CPU)
IPControl
Unit
Registers
ALU/
FPU
System Bus
Bus Interface
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18. Components of CPU
• A CPU is composed of three subunits:• Arithmetic-Logic Unit (ALU)
• Control Unit (CU)
• Registers
• ALU performs arithmetic (addition, subtraction, etc.) and logic
(e.g. comparison of two numbers) operations.
• Registers are local, high-speed storage for the processor.
• CU manages the movement of data within the processor.
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19. CII1SE15CI-Z17 Introduction to Programming C#
Edip ŞENYÜREKThank you!!!
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