Connective tissue

1.

Presentation prepared by
PhD Inna A. Demyanenko
(Histology department, MA CFU, Simferopol)
CONNECTIVE TISSUE

2.

Connective tissue (CT) participates in junction of all
others tissues in organs
CT differs from others tissues besides of presence of cells,
the availability of much quantity of extracellular matrix .
CT comprises more than 50% of body mass.

3.

I.Cells
II. Extracellular matrx
а) Ground substance
б) Fibers (collagen, elastic, reticular)

4.

2. Main functions:
support, specific and nonspecific defense,
transport, repair, storage, homeostasis and
thermoregulation.
3. Histogenesis.
All types of connective tissues develop from
mesenchyme.

5.

6.

Connective tissues subdivides into:
I. Connective tissue proper
1. Fibrous connective tissue
2.Connective tissues with special properties
II. Skeletal connective tissues (cartilage, bone, dentin and
cementum of tooth)

7.

Fibrous
connective tissue
2) Dense
irregular
connective tissue
1) Loose
connective tissue
3) Dense regular
connective tissue

8.

Connective
tissue
(CT)
with special
properties
3) Reticular
CT
1)Elastic CT
(lig. flava)
2) Mucous CT
(Whartons jelly in
umbilical cord)
4)Adipose CT
a)White
b) Broun

9.

10.

Fixed ( resident):
- Fibroblast differon
- Macrophages
- Mast cells
- Adventitial cells
- Pericytes
- Adipose cells
Wandering (transient)
Blood derived
leukocytes
Plasma cells

11.

Fibroblast differon
consists of numerous cells
producing extracellular
matrix.
Types of cells:
1. stem cells
2.Unmature fibroblast
Mature (active) fibroblst
4. Fibrocyte
5. Myofibroblast
6. Fibroclast
3.

12.

Macrophages of liver and pancreas

13.

Mast cells and lymphocytes of loose connective tissue

14.

Plasma cell, mast cells and lymphocytes of loose connective tissue

15.

Plasma cells. The typical morphologic feature of
plasma cells are “clock- face” nucleus and clear juxtanuclear
area, containing Golgi apparatus and centrioles

16.

Extracellular matrix
Structure of collagen fiber

17.

Structure of elastic fiber

18.

Collagen synthesis

19.

Ground substance
mainly formed by the fibroblasts.
It consists of :
glycosaminoglicans (GAG), hyaluronic acid,
chondroitine sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratan sulfate,
proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and also proteins,
carbohydrates, lipids and others

20.

In dense connective tissue fibers predominate over the ground
substance. In dense irregular connective tissue fibers dispose in
disarrange
(H-E; Picrosirius-orsein; Polarized microscopy)

21.

In dense regular connective tissue fibers dispose parallel
to each other.
( H-E, Tendon in longitudinal and transversal sections )

22.

Connective tissue with special properties
Reticular tissue: forms the stroma of hemopoietic organs ( bone marrow, spleen,
lymph nodes). Consists of reticular cells and reticular fibers.

23.

Adipose tissue

24.

White adipose tissue and
Broun adipose tissue
←In white adipose cells nucleus
is pushed aside,
cytoplasm is filled with large fat
vacuole.
←In brown adipose cells
nucleus is in the center of cell,
small vacuoles of fat dispose
in cytoplasm around the
nucleus

25.

Skeletal connective tissue.
Cartilage. Development.

26.

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28.

29.

in intervertebral disks,
symphises, sutures
between the bones of skull.