Principal of geometry and Some Applications of Crystal Structure in Materials

1. Principal of geometry and Some Applications of Crystal Structure in Materials

Karimat El-Sayed
Physics Departement, Faculty of
Science, Ain Shams University

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What is…
Materials Science: investigation of the relationships that exist between
the structure and properties of materials.
Materials Engineering: designing materials that have specific properties
on the basis of structure/property relationships.
Main Idea:
“Structure”
“Properties”
-Mechanical
-Electrical
-Thermal
-Magnetic
-Optical
Primarily concerned with study of:
- Metals/Alloys
- Ceramics/Glasses
- Polymers*
- Biological Materials
- Composites
“Condensed
Phases”

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title

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What Do We Mean by ‘Structure’?
Many levels of structure:
Macroscale
Microscale
Nanoscale
Atomic (Å)
Broad range of length scales…
Most physical properties of a material are directly related
to the types and arrangements of bonds in the material.
Descriptions of material structure begin at the atomic level.

5. ELECTRO MAGNETIC SPECTRUM

6. Optical Microscope and x-Ray Diffraction Image

7. UNIT CELL

8. PLANES AND DIRECTIONS

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Title the 111 plane

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14. Mirror

15. THREE FOLD AXIS

16. TETRAGONAL

17. TETRAGONAL

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DIFFERENT FORM OF HEXAGONAL

19. STRUCTURE SHOWING THE SIX FOLD SYMMETRY

20. The Arrangement of Atoms in Three Dimensions

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title

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31. INTERSTITIAL SPACES