Geography of Kyrgyzstan science

1.

Content
Basic and Interesting facts about geography, land,
and climate
History of the formation of Geography of
Kyrgyzstan science
Major geographical problems in KR
Conclusion

2.

“Here’s an overview of the 28 best
things to do in Kyrgyzstan to learn
more about the culture, nature,
history and daily life of this country
in Central Asia!” foreign tourists
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UkeLjb9Mra
8

3.

4.

Basic and Interesting facts
Neighbors
China : 1,063 km;
Kazakhstan: 1,212
km;
Tajikistan: 984 km;
Uzbekistan: 1,314
km. Coastline: 0
kilometers
(landlocked);
Maritime claims:
none (landlocked)
Total area of
Kyrgyzstan:
199,951 square
kilometers
1 564 116
km²
Pictures of KG on google.map

5.

Less than a seventh the size of Mongolia
The elevation of about 94 percent of the terrain is
1,000 meters or more above sea level
The only relatively flat regions are the Osh area in Fergana
Valley and Chu and Talas valleys in the Northern part

6.

The climate in KG is continental and
includes winter with temperatures averaging –
30° C and summer temperatures
averaging 40° C in the Fergana Valley

7.

Mountains, rivers, and lakes are the unique objects of the KR
The landscape of Kyrgyzstan is dominated by the Tian Shan and Pamir mountain
systems, which together occupy about 65% of the country’s territory.
View on Karakol Peak and Ontor glacier.

8.

Jenish Peak was discovered in 1936-37. In 1956 it was
reached by the soviet alpinist Abalakov’s expedition
The peak was named in honor of the victory in the
Great Patriotic War 1941-1945

9.

Khan-Tengri (7010m) the second
highest peak in Tian Shan
Mountains

10.

There are more
than 40,000
rivers and
streams in
Kyrgyzstan
The main
source of water
for the rivers is
melt
water from the
numerous
glaciers and
snowfields in
the mountains.
"Water is the greatest treasure a man can
have. Water is life. If there is no water, the
world ends". The eastern proverb
Frofrom
There are over 2000 lakes, reservoirs, and
artificial ponds.
Issyk Kul from drone

11.

Territorial-administrative division
of Kyrgyzstan

12.

Formation of Geography of
Kyrgyzstan science
From history, who did
explore the territory of
KG?

13.

A.Fedchenko,
biologist
Glacier
The highest
hydrometeorological
observatory in the
world (over 4,200 m)
is located on the
Glacier.
P.SemenovTy
an-Shanskii,
geographer in
1856
investigated
the Tian-Shan
Mountains

14.

The development of the geography of Kyrgyzstan
in the 1920-1940s
During the II WW, the branches of the USSR
Academy were sent to Kyrgyz SSR
formation of local geographers in the 1940-the
1960s
Creation of editions, maps, and atlases on different branches of
the nature of KR. “Toponymy” Atlas of the Kyrgyz SSR (1987).
“Dictionary of the Geographical Names of the Kyrgyz SSR”
(1987).
Onomastics of Central Asia. - Vol. 2, Frunze, 1980.
Onomastics of Kyrgyzstan. - Vol. 1, Frunze, 1985.
Subsequently, one of the most important events for the
development of geographical sciences in Kyrgyzstan was the
adoption by the Jogorku Kenesh of the Law “On Geographical
Names in the Kyrgyz Republic” (1997).

15.

Major geographical problems

16.

Reducing urban air pollution
• Using water resources efficiently and
economically, and improving waste-water
treatment
• Protecting arable lands against degradation
• Establishing a system of sustainable use of
plant resources, including forests
• Updating the Red Data Books
• Expanding the system of specially protected
areas and of biosphere reserves
• Rehabilitating radioactive dumpsites and
ensuring their safe operation
• Controlling the production, treatment, transport
and disposal of toxic wastes
• Registering harmful substances
• Improving the environmental monitoring
system.

17.

Laws on protection of nature of KR Constitution of KR, article 4
“land, its subsoil, air, waters, forest plant life and wildlife, and also
other natural resources are used as a basis for the life and
The State affords activities of the Kyrgyz people and special
protection”.
Selected environmental legislation Laws on Environmental Protection (1999)
Law on Specially Protected Areas (1994)
Law on Biosphere Territories (1999)
Law on Drinking Water (1999)
Law on the Protection of Ambient Air (1999)
Law on Waters (1994, amended in 1995)
Forest Code (1999)
Land Code (1999)
Law on the Radioactive Safety of the Population (1999)
Law on Ecological Expertise (1999)
Law on Wildlife (1999)
Law on Fisheries (1997, amended in 1998)
Law on the Subsoil (1997, amended in 1999)

18.

Water War
and distribution and sharing of equality
Although Kyrgyzstan has abundant water running through it,
its water supply is determined by a shortage, especially
drinking water.
As in the Soviet era, Kyrgyzstan has the right to 25 percent of
the water that originates in its territory.

19.

Irrigation is highly wasteful because the
distribution infrastructure is old and poorly
maintained.
Jeti-Oguz gorge. Another gorge, other colors of
nature, new experiences.

20.

21.

In Central Asia, some countries experience regular blackouts, and
others have to deal without water for irrigation.

22.

The power of the "Tears of Bars" waterfall
Reasons: construction, especially in central and southern parts, had
a negative impact on the wind rose and airing of the capital.
heating of private houses with coal and by automobile exhaust gases.
The transport sector is responsible for 28% of Kyrgyzstan’s GHG emissions, and
in Bishkek, for 75% of air pollutants.

23.

Conclusion
The geography of Kyrgyzstan is entirely interesting
with exciting facts.
As a science, the Geography of Kyrgyzstan was
established in the Soviet period, and different
contemporary branches have been developing
since the post-soviet time.
Kyrgyzstan's geography is covered by more than
80 percent of the Tian Shan mountain chain.
Water crisis and urban pollution are the country's
most significant sources of ecological crisis.

24.

Literature and References
Water Pressures in Central Asia//Europe and Central Asia Report N°233 | 11 September
2014, pp.1-7, pp, 15, 20.
Lazkov G, Umralina A. (2015). Endemic and rare plants and species in Kyrgyzstan. Bishkek.
Climate profile of the Kyrgyz Republic – Sh. Ilyasov, O. Zabenko, N. Gaydamak, A. Kirilenko,
N. Myrsaliev,V. Shevchenko, L. Penkina. - B.2013 – 99 pages.
https://visitkarakol.com
https://www.journalofnomads.com/things-to-do-in-kyrgyzstan
https://www.centralasia-travel.com/ru/expeditions/khan-tengry
file:///C:/Users/User/Downloads/2015KustNasAEHM18149-159RG.pdf
http://countrystudies.us/kyrgyzstan/8.htm
http://globalnewsview.org/archives/4755
https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/sites