Lecture 7 - Pronouns, Numerals, Functional sp

1. Lecture 7 “Pronouns. Numerals. Functional parts of speech”

LECTURE 7 “PRONOUNS.
NUMERALS. FUNCTIONAL PARTS
OF SPEECH”

2. “Pronouns. Numerals. Functional parts of speech”

“PRONOUNS. NUMERALS. FUNCTIONAL
PARTS OF SPEECH”
1. Definition of the Pronoun
2. Types of Pronouns. Problems of Pronoun
distinction.
3. Numeral. Types of Numerals.
4. Functional Parts of speech.

3. What is the Pronoun? Choose the correct answer(s)

WHAT IS THE PRONOUN? CHOOSE
THE CORRECT ANSWER(S)
1.
A Noun Determiner.
2.
A part of speech used instead of the Noun.
3.
A part of speech that is characterized by
indication of the word.

4. What is the Pronoun? Choose the correct answer(s)

WHAT IS THE PRONOUN? CHOOSE
THE CORRECT ANSWER(S)
1.
A Noun Determiner.
2.
A part of speech used instead of the Noun.
3.
A part of speech that is characterized by
indication of the word.
ALL ANSWERS
ARE CORRECT!

5. 1. Definition of the Pronoun.

1. DEFINITION OF THE PRONOUN.
The Pronoun is notional part of speech that is
characterized by:
1) the categorial meaning of indication or
substitute for nouns;
2) the narrow sets of various status with the
corresponding formal properties of categorial
changeability and word-building;
3) the substantival and adjectival functions for
different sets.
(M.Ya.Blokh)

6. 2. Types of Pronouns.

2. TYPES OF PRONOUNS.
What are the types of Pronouns?
Try to match the examples.

7. Types of Pronouns

TYPES OF PRONOUNS
Type
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Personal
Possessive
Demonstrative
Relative
Interrogative
Indefinite
Negative
Example
Some
My
These
I know who he is
Who is it?
Nothing
He
Well done!

8. Types of Pronouns

TYPES OF PRONOUNS
Type
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Personal
Possessive
Demonstrative
Relative
Interrogative
Indefinite
Negative
Example
Some
My
These
I know who he is
Who is it?
Nothing
He
Well done!

9. Types of pronouns:

TYPES OF PRONOUNS:
Personal pronouns
This pronoun takes the place of a specific or
named person or thing
Ex?

10. Types of pronouns:

TYPES OF PRONOUNS:
Personal pronouns
This pronoun takes the place of a specific or
named person or thing
He, I, They, etc.
What categories do these Pronouns have?
Person (1st, 2nd, 3rd)
Number (I - we)
Case (Common case – Objective case (them, him)

11. Types of pronouns:

TYPES OF PRONOUNS:
Reflexive pronouns
This pronoun adds the information by pointing
out back to a noun or another pronoun
Myself, himself, ourselves,
etc.
What categories do these Pronouns have?
Person (1st, 2nd, 3rd)
Number (myself - ourselves)

12. Types of pronouns:

TYPES OF PRONOUNS:
Indefinite pronouns
This pronoun adds the information that has no
quantitative measure or relative amount of it.
Something, any, some,
etc.
What categories do these Pronouns have?
Case – somebody’s

13. Types of pronouns:

TYPES OF PRONOUNS:
Demonstrative pronouns
This pronoun points out a specific person, place
or thing
This, that, these, those.
What categories do these Pronouns have?
Number (this-these)

14. Types of pronouns:

TYPES OF PRONOUNS:
Relative pronouns
This pronoun brings a subordinate clause and relates
the clause to a word in the main clause (Ilyish).
Who, whose, where, which, etc*.
What categories do these Pronouns have?
Syntactic relation
Ex: He knows where it is located.
* According to Blokh they are called ‘adverbs’

15. Types of pronouns:

TYPES OF PRONOUNS:
Interrogative pronouns
This pronoun is used to ask a question.
Who, whose, what, etc*.
What categories do these Pronouns have?
Syntactic interrogation
Ex: Where does he live?
* According to Blokh they are called ‘adverbs’

16. Types of pronouns:

TYPES OF PRONOUNS:
Possessive pronouns
This pronoun is used to substitute a noun and to
show possession or ownership.
My, his, their, etc.
What categories do these Pronouns have?
Number (my- their)
Person (1st, 2nd, 3rd )

17. Types of pronouns:

TYPES OF PRONOUNS:
Absolute possessive
pronouns
This pronoun is used to substitute a noun and to show
possession or ownership used in the isolated way.
Mine, hers, theirs, etc.
What categories do these Pronouns have?
Number (mine - theirs)
Person (1st, 2nd, 3rd )

18. Types of pronouns:

TYPES OF PRONOUNS:
Negative pronouns
This pronoun is used to identify the negation
Nothing, nobody, nowhere, etc.
What categories do these Pronouns have?
Case – Nobody’s

19. Types of pronouns:

TYPES OF PRONOUNS:
Reciprocal pronouns
This pronoun expresses an interchangeable or
mutual action or relationship
Each other, one another
What categories do these Pronouns have?
Syntactic connection

20. Practical task. Identify the type of the Pronoun:

PRACTICAL TASK. IDENTIFY THE TYPE OF
THE PRONOUN:
Nothing
2. Any
3. Each other
4. Herself
5. Hers
6. Their
7. They
8. Whom do you speak to?
9. He saw where they had lost the key.
10. Something
1.

21. Practical task. Identify the type of the Pronoun:

PRACTICAL TASK. IDENTIFY THE TYPE OF
THE PRONOUN:
Nothing Negative
2. Any Indefinite
3. Each other Reciprocal
4. Herself Reflexive
5. Hers Negative
6. Their Possessive
7. They Personal
8. Whom do you speak to? Interrogative
9. He saw where they had lost the key. Relative
10. Something Indefinite
1.

22. 3. Numerals. Types of Numerals

3. NUMERALS. TYPES OF NUMERALS
What is numeral?
Numeral is a part of speech that represents a
figure, a letter, a word (or their combinations)
indicating a number.

23. Types of Numerals

TYPES OF NUMERALS
Cardinal numerals
Ordinal numerals
indicate number,
indicate order, that is,
quantity or amount and
are used in counting.
1 – one,
10 – ten, etc.
Numerals can be
written in figures or
words (2 or two; 25 or
twenty-five; 17th or
seventeenth).
the order of things in
a series.
First – 1st
Twentieth - 20th

24. What are the functions of Numerals in the sentence?

WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF
NUMERALS IN THE SENTENCE?
Analyse the examples:
1.
Ten students took part in the competition.
Three of them received awards.
2.
There are 135 employees in this company. subject
We talked to 45 of them.
3.
How many cakes did you buy? – I bought
five. I ate two.
4.
How old is your grandfather? – He is 72. He
was born in 1940.
5.
Two plus four is six. Subject/object/predicative
Remark: Numeral as a part of speech is distinguished by
Russian grammarians, Americans treat it as a digit, number.

25. What are the functions of Numerals in the sentence?

WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF
NUMERALS IN THE SENTENCE?
Analyse the examples:
attribute
1.
Ten students took part in the competition.
Three of them received awards. subject
2.
There are 135 employees in this company. subject
We talked to 45 of them. object
3.
4.
5.
How many cakes did you buy? – I bought
five. I ate two. object
predicative
How old is your grandfather? – He is 72. He
was born in 1940. Adverbial modifier
Two plus four is six. Subject/object/predicative
Remark: Numeral as a part of speech is distinguished by
Russian grammarians, Americans treat it as a digit, number.

26. 4. Functional parts of speech

4. FUNCTIONAL PARTS OF SPEECH
Functional parts of speech are words that have
no references of their own in the objective reality;
most of them are used only as grammatical
means to form up and frame utterances.
What functional parts of speech do you know?

27. Classification of functional parts of speech

CLASSIFICATION OF FUNCTIONAL PARTS OF
SPEECH
• articles,
• particles,
• prepositions
• conjunctions
• modal words
• sentence-words
modal
words
• interjections
• parenthesis

28. Definitions

DEFINITIONS
The article expresses the specific limitation of
the substantive functions - a/an/the
The preposition expresses the dependencies
and interdependencies of substantive referents –
in, on, at, etc.
The conjunction expresses connections of
phenomena – and, but, or, etc.
The particle unites the functional words of
specifying and limiting meaning – not, just, etc.

29. Definitions

DEFINITIONS
The modal word expresses the attitude of the
speaker to the reflected situation and its parts.
probability (probably, perhaps, etc),
qualitative evaluation (fortunately, unfortunately,
luckily)
The interjection is a signal of emotions (oh, ah,
boom!).
Sentence-words (yes/no, please)
Parenthesis* (syntactic constructions
identifying introduction: firstly, secondly, etc.)

30. Identify the functional parts of speech:

IDENTIFY THE FUNCTIONAL
PARTS OF SPEECH:
1.
Ouch!
2.
Unfortunately
3.
Along
4.
Across
5.
Therefore
6.
Yes
7.
The
8.
Moreover
9.
For
10.
Yet

31. Feedback MORPHOLOGY – send in WhatsApp groups till 18.00 today

FEEDBACK
MORPHOLOGY – SEND IN WHATSAPP
GROUPS TILL 18.00 TODAY
Information I knew
before
Information I
learned
1
Information I would
like to know
about/difficult topic
3
2
OLD
DIFFICULT
NEW
Parts of speech
Types of form building
Homonymy/synonymy

32. Thank you very much !!!

THANK YOU VERY MUCH !!!