Natural materials in building and architecture

1.

Natural
materials in
building and
architecture
z

2.

What
are building materials?
z
Building materials are materials used in
construction for building, repair and
reconstruction of structures.

z
What are building materials
like?
1. Natural materials are used ready–made
with minimal processing - stone or wood;
2. Materials made of natural materials –
concrete, glass, metal, bitumen;
3. Synthetic materials are artificially obtained
– polystyrene, all types of plastics.

4.

The modern construction industry has many varieties of
building materials and products. Ancient materials, such as
wood and natural stone should give way to modern
effective artificial materials.
But wood and stone have remained the primary natural
materials in building so far.

5.

WOOD is the oldest building material on the scale of the entire
globe, but at the same time, it is the most important material of the
future.
Wood is the most environmentally friendly building material.
Wooden houses have the highest coefficient of comfort.

6.

TEXTURE, COLOR, GLOSS determine the architectural and
artistic properties of wood. Each tree species has a specific
surface and can be used in various architectural elements.

7.

NATURAL STONE is a
magnificent decorative and
finishing material for facade
decoration of buildings, interiors,
and metro stations.
STRENGTH and BEAUTY of
stone, the variety of color shades
helped the architects to create
authentic masterpieces of
architecture.
DURABILITY of this material has
allowed to preserve to our time the
masterpieces of architecture
created many centuries ago.

8.

Russia has huge reserves of natural stone. The Urals, Karelia, Eastern
Siberia, the Kola Peninsula, and the North Caucasus region have
always been the main suppliers of valuable rocks.
Russian cities are decorated with numerous buildings lined with
natural stone.

9.

MARBLE and GRANITE SLABS are still used for public buildings
and interiors.
Stone walls are not affected by abrasion. They take high power loads.
The aesthetic qualities of natural stone are simply indescribable.

10.

Natural stone materials are extracted and
manufactured from rocks by mechanical
processing methods. They are SAND and
GRAVEL/ГРАВИЙ obtained by sieving and
washing of rocks.
RUBBLE STONE/ БУТОВЫЙ КАМЕНЬ is
extracted by exploding (взрыванием)
limestones/ известняк and sandstones/
песчаник;
CRUSHED STONE /ЩЕБЕНЬ is obtained by
crushing;
SIDE STONES/БОРТОВЫЕ КАМНИ and
PAVING STONES / БРУСЧАТКА are crushed
stones with subsequent processing.
Rubble stone

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