The United States after World War II (Part I. Cold War )

1.

The United States after
World War II
(Part I. Cold War )

2.

Iron Curtain
Stalin
Winston Churchill
Containment of the Soviet Union became American
policy in the postwar years.

3.

The Truman Doctrine
Harry S. Truman
(April 12, 1945 –
January 20, 1953)
“I believe that it must
be the foreign policy
of the United States
to
support
free
peoples who are
resisting attempted
subjugation
by
armed minorities or
by
outside
pressures.”

4.

The Marshall Plan
General George
Marshall
(the Secretary of State
from 1950 to 1951 )
By the time the Marshall
Plan ended in 1952,
Western Europe was
back on its feet and
beginning to prosper.

5.

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization
(NATO)
Alarmed by Soviet domination
of Eastern Europe, the Western
Europeans initiated a military
alliance. In 1949 the United
States and 11 other countries
established the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization , which
declared that an attack on any
one member nation would be
considered an attack upon all.
NATO [ˈneitəu] НАТО
FLAG: a dark blue
field charged with a
white compass
rose emblem from
which radiate four
white lines

6.

McCarthyism
Republican Senator Joseph McCarthy accused some
government
officials,
scientists
and
famous
entertainers of secretly working for the Soviet Union.
Before his death in 1957, he had succeeded in making
the
term
“McCarthyism”
synonymous
with
demagoguery and false accusation.
McCarthyism
[məˈka:θiizəm]
маккартизм
(антикоммунистическая кампания в США в конце
40-х годов)

7.

The Korean War
The United States and the Soviet
Union had divided Korea along the
38th parallel after liberating it from
Japan at the end of World War II. On
June 25, 1950, communist North
Korea attacked the Republic of South
Korea. Truman sent American soldiers
and warplanes from Japan to fight for
the South Koreans.
Mao Zedong
(1945 –1976)
Mao feared that if all Korea came under
American control they might use it as a base
from which to attack China. When his warning
to stay back from China’s border was ignored,
he sent thousands of Chinese soldiers to help
the North Koreans.

8.

The Cuban Missile Crisis
Dwight
Eisenhower
(January 20,
1953 – January
20, 1961 )
Fidel Castro,
(December 2,
1959 –
February 24,
2008 ),
Cuba
John F.
Kennedy
(January 20,
1961 –
November 22,
1963)
Nikita
Khrushchev
(September 14,
1953 – October
14, 1964),
The Soviet Union

9.

The Vietnam War (1955-1975)
Ho Chi Minh
(the communist leader of North
Vietnam)
Vietcong (Vietnamese communist) was the name given by
Western sources to the National Liberation Front during the
Vietnam War (1955-1975)
Vietcong [vjetˈkɒŋ] Вьетконг (Национальный фронт освобождения
Южного Вьетнама)
Ho Chi Minh [ˈhəu ˈʧi: ˈmin] Хо Ши Мин

10.

American Presidents
Lyndon B.
Johnson
(November 22,
1963 – January
20, 1969)
Richard Nixon
(January 20,
1969 – August
9, 1974)
Gerald Ford
(August 9,
1974 – January
20, 1977)
Jimmy
Carter
(January
20, 1977 –
January 20,
1981)
Ronald
Reagan
(January 20,
1981 –
January 20,
1989)

11.

The End of the Cold War
In 1987, Mikhail Gorbachev and Ronald Reagan signed the
Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty, in which
both countries agreed that within three years they would
destroy all their land-based medium and shorter range
nuclear missiles.
In effect, this treaty marked the end of the Cold War.

12.

Questions
1) Who first used the term ‘Iron
Curtain’?
2) What organisation was created in
1949?
3) What were the main conflicts
during the Cold War?

13.

14.

The United States after
World War II
(Part I. Cold War )