Underground. Introduction

1.

UNDERGROUND
The work is done by Kirill Zabolotnov
a student of Vyazniki School of Arts
Teacher T.V. Khairudinova
2024

2.

Content
• Introduction
• What the underground is
• History of underground
Largest undergrounds in the world
• - London underground
• - Moscow underground
• - St. Petersburg underground
• Conclusion

3.

Introduction
My name is Kirill Zabolotnov. This
year I’m graduating from the English
department of Vyazniky School of
Arts.
I live in a small town in Vladimir
region, where there is no underground.
But, traveling to different cities, I used
this kind of public transport and it
impressed me greatly. That’s why I
decided to make the exam
presentation about underground.

4.

WHAT THE UNDERGROUND IS
The underground is an off-street
electrified railway that is
designed for mass movement of
people in large cities. Now in
large settlements this kind of
transport is considered to be the
main one.
It connects residential areas with industrial zones, administrative
centers, places of mass recreation. Despite its widespread use,
not everyone knows who invented the underground.

5.

HISTORY OF UNDERGROUND
It is believed that Charles Pearson,
enterprising lawyer, invented the subway.
He suggested that the city railway
commission consider a project on an
underground transport. By that time, an
underground pedestrian tunnel had already
been created and was working on the
Thames. Therefore, the lawyer's idea was
received with interest. When they managed
to find interested parties, they founded the
North Metropolitan Railway Co. At the same
time, 10 years later, the first station was
opened.

6.

It is worth noting that in 1869 the pedestrian tunnel
under the Thames became part of the subway. At
the same time, its first major renovation was carried
out only at the end of the twentieth century. Initially
the subway was not made under the ground, but on
the surface. To do this, they made a deep trench
several meters in size. After that, it was covered
from above with wooden crossbars and bricks. At
times, the trenches were not closed at all, and they
remain half-open today. This method made it
possible to create shallow stations – no larger than
10 meters in size.

7.

THE LARGEST WORLD
UNDERGROUNDS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
New York underground
Shanghai underground
Beijing underground
London underground
Moscow underground

8.

LONDON UNDERGROUND
London Underground is the oldest and one of the
largest in the world, its network consists of 11 lines with
a total length of about 402 km, of which 45% runs
under the ground. Its first line was opened in 1863.
The idea of a new type of transport was submitted
by a lawyer from London, Charles Pearson. He
proposed to lay the railway, which was popular at that
time, under the ground. The first branch was being built
for about four years, and it consisted of seven stations,
including Baker Street and King's Cross.

9.

This is what the London underground looked like.

10.

NOWADAYS
Nowadays the London
underground has 272 stations
and 11 lines. Its share in
passenger transportation in
the capital is about 56%.

11.

MOSCOW UNDERGROUND
Moscow underground is one of the largest in the
world, it’s network consists of 15 lines, with a
length of about 555km. Its first line was opened in
1935.
The project was developed by foreign experts,
prisoners, Moscow workers and Donbass dug
tunnels miners. The initiator of the construction was
the head of the capital's party organization Lazar
Kaganovich. The first branch was being built for
about two years, and it consisted of two stations.
This stations were Sokolniki and Park of Culture.

12.

This is what the Moscow underground look like.

13.

NOWADAYS
Nowadays the Moscow underground has 259 stations and 15
lines. Its share in passenger transportation in the capital is
about 48%. Nowadays, the development of the underground is
funded on the basis of Moscow's Targeted Investment Program
for 2022-2025. The authorities of the capital decided to build
three new lines: Troitskaya, Rublevo-Arkhangelskoye and
Biryulevskaya. In addition, the construction of the
Yakhromskaya, Lianozovo and Phystech stations on the
Lublinsko-Dmitrovskaya line is coming to an end. The Southern
Port station is planned to be built on the current section of the
same line. The future southern terminus, the Potapovo station, is
being built on the Sokolnicheskaya Line, and the Suvorovskaya
station is being built on the current section of the Ring Line.

14.

The Moscow underground is an amazing architectural monument.
The Moscow metro is an amazing architectural monument. Venerable
Russian architects were involved in the work. 44 stations in the Moscow
metro are recognized as World Heritage Sites.
Venerable Russian architects were involved in the work.
44 stations in the Moscow underground are recognized
as World Heritage Sights.

15.

ST. PETERBURG UNDERGROUND
St. Peterburg underground is one of the
largest in the world, it’s network consists of 5
lines, with a length of about 124,8 km. Its first
line was opened in 1955.
The St. Petersburg underground was
invented by Greenwald. The first branch was
beeing built for about ten years, and it
consisted of seven stations. This stations are
Ploshchad Vosstaniya, Vladimirskaya,
Technological Institute, Baltiyskaya, Narva,
Kirovsky Zavod and Avtovo.

16.

This is what the St. Peterburg underground look like.

17.

NOWADAYS
Nowadays the St. Peterburg underground
has 72 stations and 5 lines. Its share in
passenger transportation in the capital is
about 43%. Architects want to build new
lines for 2024-2045: Pravoberezhnaya,
Krasnoselsko-Kalininskaya, KirovskoVyborgskaya, Evsko-Vasileostrovskaya,
Krasnoselsko-Kalininskaya, Ring line.

18.

The trains of the future will surprise us with their speed, noiselessness and new technologies.,

19.

CONCLUSION
• The underground is the most
budget-friendly mean of
transportation. The underground is
not only a means of
transportation, but also a cultural
monument. The architecture reflects
the most important historical events
and changes in people's views on
the world.