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Direct and reported speech
1.
Direct and reportedspeech
Учитель английского языка МБОУ «СШ №14»
Басырова И.Н.
Г.Нижневартовск
2.
Direct and reported speech(понятие прямой и косвенной речи)
Прямая речь – это речь
переданная дословно, без
изменений. Перед прямой речью
или после нее стоит
предложение, вводящее в
прямую речь:
Косвенная речь – это способ
передачи чужой речи. Она
представляет собой придаточное
предложение, которому
предшествует главное или
следует за ним:
Том говорит Бену: «Я хочу
обедать»
Том говорит Бену что хочет
обедать.
Tom tells Ben, “I want to have
lunch”
Tom tells Ben that he wants to
have lunch.
3.
В прямой речи время глагола не зависит от времени в воднойчасти, так как полностью сохраняется форма высказывания
чужой речи:
Не said, "I don't know."
Не says, "I don't know."
Не will say, "I don't know."
4.
Если глагол вводной части находится в форме настоящеговремени или указывает на действие в будущем, то при
преобразование прямой речи в косвенную, время глагола
чужой речи остаётся неизменным:
Не says, "I don't know." → Не says he doesn't know.
Не will say, "I don't know." → Не will say he doesn't
know.
Не says, "I didn't know." → Не says he didn't know.
Не will say, "I didn't know." → Не will say he didn't
know.
5.
Если глагол вводной части находится в формепрошедшего времени, то при преобразование прямой
речи в косвенную учитывается правило согласования
времён:
Не said, "I know." → Не said he knew.
Не said, "I must know." → Не said he had to know.
Не said, "I will know." → Не said he would know.
Не said, "I knew." → Не said he had known.
6.
7.
Direct speechReported speech
Present Simple
Past Simple
He said, “I want to watch a film.”
He said (that) he wanted to watch a film.
Present Continuous
Past Continuous
He said , “Jane is sleeping.”
He said (that) jane was sleeping.
Present Perfect
Past Perfect
She said, “I have bought a new dress.”
She said (that) she had bought a new dress.
Past Simple
Past Perfect
Alex said, “I finished my homework.”
Alex said (that) he had finished his homework.
Will
Would
She said, “I will always love Tom.”
She said (that) she would always love Tom.
Can
Could
Tom said , “I can carry 50 kg.”
Tom said (that) he could carry 50 kg.
May
Might
Mary said, “It may rain.”
Mary said (that) it might rain.
Must
Had to
He said, “Everybody must obey the rules.”
He said (that) everybody had to obey the rules.
Have to
Had to
He said (that) he had to go home.
He said, “I have to go home.”
8.
Change the direct speech into reported speech.Example “I work hard,” Jillian said.
— Jillian said that he worked hard.
1.“I am planning to go to Kenya,” Sally said.
2.“I take my little sister to school every day,” little Anthony said.
3.“You may take my textbook,” Nonna said.
4.“They are playing in the gym now,” Nick said.
5.“I don’t like chocolate,” Mary said.
6.“My sister is ready to go” Helen said.
7.“My mother usually goes shopping on Saturday,” the girl said.
8.“The birds build their nests among the trees,” the teacher said.
9.“I am not married,” Jimmy said.
10.“I can't read these books. I don’t like them,” Petra said.
9.
Change the direct speech into reported speech.Example 1: I have already finished the test. ->
He said he had already finished the test.
1.We have gone on holiday.
2.Nelly can’t write; she has cut her finger.
3.The Ivanovs have travelled to many places.
4.Sam has already learnt the poem.
5.My sister has broken my pencil.
6.My dad has never travelled by plane.
7.Andrew has lost his keys.
8.Jill has never slept in a tent.
10.
Чтобы правильно передать чью-то речь,необходимо использовать глагол сообщения с правильным значением.
Самые распространенные глаголы сообщения – say и tell.
У них одинаковое значение – говорить; однако используем мы их по-разному.
Say
Tell
we say something
She said that she was
tired.
BUT we tell
someone something
She told him that she
was tired.
we sometimes use say
to someone
She said (to him) that
she was tired.
11.
Put said \ told in the sentence.She _____ me (that) she loved John.
They ______ (that) they were happy.
He ________ everybody (that) he had to leave.
Anne _______me (that) her brother was buying a car.
Alice ______ to Mike (that) he was wearing a nice suit.
She ______ (that) it was raining.
Lisa _____ me (that) she would call at 2p.m.
12.
Глаголы косвенной речиAdd - добавить
Report – сообщать, докладывать
Deny - отрицать
Announce – объявлять
Insist - настаивать
Explain - объяснять
Remember – помнить, припоминать
Persuade – убеждать, уговаривать
Suggest – предлагать, советовать
Confirm- утверждать
Repeat - повторять
Propose – предлагать
Doubt - сомневаться
Understand - понимать
Mention - упоминать
Argue - спорить
Reply - отвечать
Consider – считать, полагать
Warn - предупреждать
Reveal – выявлять, показывать
Agree - соглашаться
Complain – жаловаться
Estimate - оценивать
Offer – предлагать
13.
Перепишите предложения в косвенной речи,используя глаголы из таблицы как глаголы
сообщения.
Told
refused
promised
offered
agreed
She said: “I won’t give you any money.”
He said: “I will the washing up.”
We said to them: “We were happy to see you.”
I said: “Will you have a cup of coffee?”
He said: “I’ll bring this book to you tomorrow.”