To describe the structure and functions of ATP

1.

ATP

2.

Lesson objectives
To describe the structure and functions of
ATP.

3.

How cell uses energy
stored in food?

4.

Why we use energy?
As car needs gasoline
to move all life
activities in living
things also require
energy.
There are many types
of energy that exist
on Earth. They are:
kinetic, thermal, solar,
nuclear, electrical, etc.
Living things use
chemical energy for
life processes.

5.

ATP
ATP molecule is universal type of
chemical energy in all kinds of living
things.
It is unit of energy in living things.
When it breaks down it releases energy
stored in its high energy bonds and
provides energy for processes like
muscular contraction, chemical synthesis,
transport of materials, etc.

6.

7.

ATP structure
ATP stands for Adenosine Tri Phosphate.
It consists of:
adenosine (adenine+ribose)
Three phosphate groups

8.

ADP
When ATP breaks down it loses its
phosphate group and becomes ADP
ADP is adenosine di phosphate.
It consists of:
Adenosine
Two phosphate groups

9.

AMP
When ADP breaks down it loses its
phosphate group and becomes AMP
AMP is adenosine mono phosphate.
It consists of:
Adenosine
One phosphate groups

10.

ATP function
Chemical energy stored in food is
released during digestion (intracellular).
But this energy is not used directly.
First of all it is used to synthesis ATP
molecule.
ATP is unit of energy in living things.
Then ATP is used as source energy for
other cellular processes.

11.

High energy bonds in ATP
ATP is extremely energetic.
It stores its energy in high energy bonds
between phosphate groups.
There are three phosphate groups in ATP
so there are two high energy bonds.

12.

Release of energy from ATP by
phosphorylation reactions (adding or
removing phosphate groups)
When phosphate group is removed high
energy bonds release 7.3 kcal energy and
ATP becomes ADP.
ATP ADP+Pi+7.3 kcal of Energy
When ADP loses its phosphate group it
releases 7.3 kcal of energy and become AMP
ADP AMP+Pi+7.3 kcal of Energy
AMP has a little amount of energy only 2
kcal is released when last phosphate group is
removed.
AMP A+Pi+2kcal of Energy

13.

Let’s do the activity on p. 67

14.

Homework
Read p.66-67
Answer to literacy questions on p 67
Do research time on p67.
New words