The system of state bodies of Egypt

1.

NAME: TAWFIK MARGO
GROUP: 21ЛФ2А
the system of state bodies of egypt

2.

CONTENTS
The head of Egypt state
Presidency (2014–present)
Legislative power
Manner of election
Parliament
Qualifications for the candidates
Manner of formation / election and functions

3.

CONTENTS
Executive power
Government
Council of ministers
Judicial power
Courts system
Conclusion

4.

THE HEAD OF THE EGYPTIAN
STATE
• President Abd Elfatah Elsisi
• Abdel Fattah Saeed Hussein Khalil el-Sisi is an Egyptian
politician serving as the sixth and current President of
Egypt since 2014. A former General, he previously served
as Director of Military Intelligence from 2010 to 2012,
Minister of Defence from 2012 to 2014, and Deputy Prime
Minister of Egypt from 2013 to 2014.

5.

THE HEAD OF THE EGYPTIAN
STATE
• Abdel Fattah Saeed Hussein Khalil el-Sisi[a] (born 19 November 1954) is
an Egyptian politician serving as the sixth and current President of Egypt since
2014. A former General, he previously served as Director of Military
Intelligence from 2010 to 2012, Minister of Defence from 2012 to 2014,
and Deputy Prime Minister of Egypt from 2013 to 2014. He served
as Chairperson of the African Union from 2019 to 2020.[1]
• Sisi was born in Cairo and after joining the Egyptian Army, held a post in Saudi
Arabia before enrolling in the Egyptian Army's Command and Staff College. In
1992, Sisi trained at the Joint Services Command and Staff College in the United
Kingdom, and then in 2006 trained at the United States Army War College in
Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Sisi served as a mechanized infantry commander and then
as director of military intelligence. After the Egyptian revolution of 2011 and
election of Mohamed Morsi to the Egyptian presidency, Sisi was appointed
Minister of Defence by Morsi on 12 August 2012, replacing the Mubarakera Hussein Tantawi.

6.

THE HEAD OF THE EGYPTIAN
STATE
• On 12 August 2012, Egyptian President Mohamed Morsi made
a decision to replace the Mubarak-era Field Marshal Mohamed
Hussein Tantawi, the head of the Egyptian Armed Forces,
with then little-known el-Sisi. He also promoted him to the
rank of colonel general. [34] Sisi was then described by the
official website of FJP as a "Defense minister with
revolutionary taste". [35] El-Sisi also took the post of Minister
of Defense and Military Production in the Qandil Cabinet.

7.

PRESIDENCY (2014–PRESENT)
President Sisi was sworn into office on 8 June 2014. The event was marked by
an impromptu public holiday in Egypt in conjunction with festivals held
nationwide.[86] Tahrir Square was prepared to receive millions of Egyptians
celebrating Sisi's win; police and soldiers shut down the square outlets with
barbed wires and barricades, as well as electronic portals for detecting any
explosives that could spoil the festivities. [87] Sisi's oath of office was
administered in the morning in Egypt's Supreme constitutional court in front
of the deputy head of the constitutional court, Maher Sami, who described elSisi as a "rebel soldier" and a "revolutionary hero"; ex-president Adly
Mansour; other constitutional court members; and a group of Egypt's top
politicians. Sisi later moved to the Heliopolis Palace, where a 21-gun salute
welcomed the new president, before the ex-president received Sisi near the
palace's stairway

8.

PRESIDENCY (2014–PRESENT)
.Sisi then presided over a reception for the foreign presidents, emirs,
kings, and official delegations who had been
invited. Turkey, Tunisia and Qatar were not invited because of their
governments' critical stances regarding then-recent events in
Egypt.[88] Israel was also not invited. Sisi later gave a speech in front of
the attendees and, for the first time in Egyptian history, signed the
handover of power document with ex-president Adly Mansour. After the
ceremony at Heliopolis Palace, Sisi moved to Koubbeh Palace, where the
final ceremony was held and where Sisi gave the final speech of the day
in front of 1,200 attendees representing different spectra of the Egyptian
people and the provinces of Egypt. In the speech, he presented the
problems facing Egypt and his plan, saying "In its next phase, Egypt
will witness a total rise on both internal and external fronts, to
compensate what we have missed and correct the mistakes of the past".
Sisi also issued the first Presidential decree, giving ex-president Adly
Mansour the Order of the Nile.[89]

9.

LEGISLATIVE POWER OF EGYPT
• The Parliament of Egypt is the bicameral legislature of
the Arab Republic of Egypt. It is composed of:
an upper house (the Senate)
a lower house (the House of Representatives ).

10.

LEGISLATIVE POWER OF EGYPT
• The Parliament is located in Cairo, Egypt's capital. Under the
country's 2014 constitution, as the legislative branch of the Egyptian
state the Parliament enacted laws, approved the general policy of the
State, the general plan for economic and social development and the
general budget of the State, supervised the work of the government,
and had the power to vote to impeach the president of the Republic,
or replace the government and its prime minister by a vote of noconfidence.

11.

QUALIFICATIONS OF THE
CANDIDATES
• The 2014 constitution that was passed in the 2014
constitutional referendum [11] has put into place the
following rules: the House that is elected following the
ratification of the constitution must have at least 450
members.[12] In addition, prospective members must be
Egyptian, must be at least 25 years old and must hold an
education certificate. [12] Also, the president can appoint,
at the most, five percent of the members in the
chamber.[12]

12.

MANNER OF ELECTION /
FORMATION
• National unity in the manner specified in the Constitution.
And ,No political party shall be formed that discriminates on
the basis of gender, origin candidate for parliamentary
elections must be an Egyptian citizen.
• Shura Council as a second Chamber of the Egyptian
Parliament. He argues very strongly ... He considers that the
manner in which these were ... the creation of balance
between the three powers; none alone can dominate rights
and liberties.

13.

Functions
• The 2014 constitution describes the roles and function of the
parliament in Articles 101 to 138. In addition to its regular
legislative powers, the parliament should review all laws
enacted since Morsi’s ouster—revise, reject, or ratify them—
oversee the executive branch, and approve the annual state
budget. Moreover, the parliament,
• for the first time, will have the power to withdraw
confidence from the country’s president.

14.

EXECUTIVE POWER
• The President of Egypt is the Head of the State, and he was
also, under the former Egyptian Constitution, the Supreme
Commander of the Armed Forces and Head of the Executive
Authority (the Egyptian Cabinet).
where he/she is only stated to be the Head of the State and
the Head of the National Defence Council. Following the
revocation Declaration 3, it is expected that the President shall
assume the customary powers normally afforded thereto under
a presidential political system.

15.

GOVERNMENT :
• The government is the supreme executive and administrative
body of the State, and consists of the Prime Minister, his/her
deputies , the Ministers, and their deputies. The Prime Minister
shall head the government, oversee its work, and direct the
performance of its functions.
• The Prime Minister shall be an Egyptian citizen born to
Egyptian parents and neither he/she nor his/her spouse may
hold the nationality of any other country, shall enjoy civil and
political rights.

16.

COUNCIL OF MINISTERS
Prime Minister : Mostafa Madbouly
Minister of Defence : Mohamed Ahmed Zaki
Minister of Investment and International Cooperation :
Rania Al-Mashat
Minister of Education : Tarek Shawky

17.

FUNCTIONS
To collaborate with the President of the Republic in
developing the general policy of the State, and to
supervise its implementation;
To maintain the security of the nation, and to protect the
rights of citizens and the interest of the State;
To direct, coordinate and follow up on the work of the
ministries and their affiliated public bodies and
organizations;
To prepare draft bills and decrees;
To issue administrative decrees in accordance with the
law, and to follow up on their implementation

18.

JUDICIAL POWER
• Egypt has three supreme courts:
The Supreme Constitutional Court
Court of Cassation
Supreme Administrative Court.

19.

COURTS SYSTEM
• The Judiciary of Egypt consists of administrative and
non-administrative courts, a Supreme Constitutional
Court, penal courts, civil and commercial courts, personal
status and family courts, national security courts, labour
courts, military courts, and other specialized courts or
circuits.
• The Egyptian legal system, being considered as a civil law
system, is based upon a well-established system of codified
laws. Egypt's supreme law is its written constitution.

20.

CONCLUSION
Eight years ago this month, Egyptian President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi, then
Defense Minister, announced the removal of the country's first elected
president, Mohamed Morsi, and suspended the country's constitution.
Al-Sisi promised to ensure civilian rule with no military role in the government
or the economy; a better quality of life for Egyptians; an end to the war in
Sinai; and better freedoms and protections for all.
But a close look at Egypt eight years on shows a dark reality of broken
promises, with Egyptians living under near total military control of their
government and economy, seemingly endless war and destruction in Sinai, and
unprecedented crackdowns on freedoms and civil society. Democracy for the
Arab World Now (DAWN) has reviewed eight of President al-Sisi's
commitments and evaluated his record eight years later.