Unit 8 – present perfect

1.

Unit 8 – present perfect

2.

The present perfect.
Let’s look at:
1.
When we use the present perfect.
2.
How we make sentences in the present perfect.
3.
Ever and never with the present perfect.
When do we use the
present perfect?
Copyright © 2018 by Pearson Education
Gold Experience 2nd Edition A2

3.

Function: present perfect
This book is amazing! I’ve read all
of the author’s novels. He’s
Canadian. Have you ever been to
Canada? It sounds beautiful.
No.
Do we know
specifically when
in the past?
No. I’ve never visited
Canada, but I would love to! I
haven’t travelled a lot outside
of Europe.
Did he read the
books at some time
in his life in the
past?
Yes.
A.
The past.
Look at what the boy says:
‘I’ve read all of the
author’s novels.’ When
does he read the books –
in the past, the present or
the future?
Choose the best timeline.
A.
B.
Copyright © 2018 by Pearson Education
Gold Experience 2nd Edition A2

4.

Function: present perfect
To talk about general past experiences in our lives up to now with
no specific mention of when they happened.
This book is amazing! I’ve read all
of the author’s novels. He’s
Canadian. Have you ever been to
Canada? It sounds beautiful.
I was born.
The action(s)
happened in the
past at some time
‘in his life’.
Copyright © 2018 by Pearson Education
I’ve read all the novels.
No. I’ve never visited
Canada, but I would love to! I
haven’t travelled a lot outside
of Europe.
Now.
We don’t know
exactly when he
read the books.
My life up to now.
Gold Experience 2nd Edition A2
How do we make
sentences in the present
perfect?

5.

Form: present perfect
This book is amazing! I’ve read all of
the author’s novels. He’s Canadian.
Have you ever been to Canada? It
sounds beautiful.
positive
No. I’ve never visited Canada,
but I would love to! I haven’t
travelled a lot outside of
Europe.
example: I’ve read all of the author’s novels.
I/You/We/They
He/She/It
negative
example: I haven’t travelled a lot outside of Europe.
I/You/We/They
Look at the conversation again. Can
you find examples of the present
perfect in the positive, negative and
question form?
Now put these words into the
table. Look at the examples to
help you.
He/She/It
has
question
hasn’t
example: Have you (ever) been to Canada?
past participle
I/you/we/they
past participle
he/she/it
past participle
Copyright © 2018 by Pearson Education
Gold Experience 2nd Edition A2
have haven’t
Have
Has

6.

Form: present perfect
positive
example: I’ve read all of the author’s books.
I/You/We/They
have
He/She/It
has
past participle
negative
example: I haven’t travelled a lot outside of Europe.
I/You/We/They
have
He/She/It
has
past participle
question
example: Have you ever been to Canada?
Have
I/you/we/they
Has
he/she/it
short answer
example: No, I haven’t.
past participle?
I/you/we/they
Yes/No,
has/hasn’t
he/she/it
Copyright © 2018 by Pearson Education
have/haven’t
Gold Experience 2nd Edition A2
Notice how the auxiliary
(helping) verb, have,
changes with the
pronouns he/she/it.
The past participle is the third form that
you usually find in verb tables. Look...
infinitive
past simple
past participle
to eat
to travel
to speak
ate
travelled
spoke
eaten
travelled
spoken
Some of the past participles are regular
(with an -ed ending) and others are
irregular.
We can often make the negative with the
adverb never, and use ever in questions.
Read more on ever and never next…
The use of ever and
never…

7.

Adverbs: ever and never
This book is amazing! I’ve read all of
the author’s novels. He’s Canadian.
Have you ever been to Canada? It
sounds beautiful.
We use never in negative
statements about general past
experiences. How can we
make the statement in the
conversation again using not?
Questions.
Look at the conversation for the last time. Do we
usually use ever in questions or negative
statements?
Copyright © 2018 by Pearson Education
Gold Experience 2nd Edition A2
No. I’ve never visited
Canada, but I would love to! I
haven’t travelled a lot outside
of Europe.
I haven’t (have not)
visited Canada.
B.
Look at the two examples with ever
and never. Choose the correct
word order for these adverbs.
A. Before the auxiliary verb have.
B. Before the past participle.
C. After the past participle.

8.

Adverbs: ever and never
Ever: we use ever in questions to ask about general past experiences.
Have you ever been to
Canada?
This is asking about a general
past experience ‘in your life’.
Never: we use never to create negative statements about general
past experience instead of using not.
This is the same as ‘I haven’t
(have not) visited Canada.’
I’ve never visited Canada.
Word order: the adverbs ever and never go before the past participle.
Have you ever been to
Canada?
I’ve never visited Canada.
Let’s practise!
Copyright © 2018 by Pearson Education
Gold Experience 2nd Edition A2

9.

Practice activities
Correct the errors in these sentences. Some of the sentences are correct.
1. She has eat in this restaurant many times before.
She has eaten in this restaurant many times before.
2. I have gone to bed early last night because I was tired.
I went to bed early last night because I was tired.
3. Sophie and Arnold have been to Paris.
1. Which cities in England you have visited?
Which cities in England have you visited?
2. My sister and I never have travelled abroad.
My sister and I have never travelled abroad.
3. Have you ever lived alone?
Copyright © 2018 by Pearson Education
Gold Experience 2nd Edition A2