Computers keyboard

1. Computers keyboard

By: Sagnaeva D.
Group: VS-116

2. Plan:

O Keyboard overview
O History of keyboards
O Types of keyboard
O Laptop keyboards
O Smartphone and tablet keyboards

3.

A standard wired computer keyboard by Lenovo

4. Keyboard:

O A computer keyboard is one of the primary
input devices used with a computer. Similar to
an electric typewriter, a keyboard is composed
of buttons that create letters, numbers, and
symbols, as well as perform other functions.
The following sections provide more in-depth
information and answers to some of the more
frequently asked questions about the
keyboard.

5. The 104-key PC US English QWERTY keyboard layout evolved from the standard typewriter keyboard, with extra keys for computing.

6. History of keyboards

O While typewriters are the definitive ancestor of all key-based
text entry devices, the computer keyboard as a device for
electromechanical data entry and communication derives
largely from the utility of two devices: teleprinters (or
teletypes) and keypunches. It was through such devices that
modern computer keyboards inherited their layouts.
O As early as the 1870s, teleprinter-like devices were used to
simultaneously type and transmit stock market text data from
the keyboard across telegraph lines to stock ticker machines
to be immediately copied and displayed onto ticker tape. The
teleprinter, in its more contemporary form, was developed
from 1907 to 1910 by American mechanical engineer Charles
Krum and his son Howard, with early contributions by
electrical engineer Frank Pearne. Earlier models were
developed separately by individuals such as Royal Earl House
and Frederick G. Creed.

7.

O Earlier, Herman Hollerith developed the first keypunch
devices, which soon evolved to include keys for text and
number entry akin to normal typewriters by the 1930s.
O The keyboard on the teleprinter played a strong role in pointto-point and point-to-multipoint communication for most of
the 20th century, while the keyboard on the keypunch device
played a strong role in data entry and storage for just as
long. The development of the earliest computers
incorporated electric typewriter keyboards: the development
of the ENIAC computer incorporated a keypunch device as
both the input and paper-based output device, while the
BINAC computer also made use of an electromechanically
controlled typewriter for both data entry onto magnetic tape
(instead of paper) and data output.

8. Keyboard:

9. Keyboard types One factor determining the size of a keyboard is the presence of duplicate keys, such as a separate numeric

keyboard or two each of
Shift, ALT and CTL for convenience. Further the keyboard size
depends on the extent to which a system is used where a single
action is produced by a combination of subsequent or simultaneous
keystrokes (with modifier keys), or multiple pressing of a single key.
A keyboard with few keys is called a keypad. Another factor
determining the size of a keyboard is the size and spacing of the
keys. Reduction is limited by the practical consideration that the
keys must be large enough to be easily pressed by fingers.
O
Standard
O
Laptop-size
O
Flexible keyboards
O
Handheld
O
Thumb-sized
O
Multifunctional

10. Laptop keyboards:

O A laptop keyboard is arranged differently than a
desktop keyboard to accommodate the laptop's
narrower footprint. Most laptop keyboards are
made smaller by placing the keys closer and by
including an Fn key. The Fn key is used in
conjunction with other keys to perform special
functions. For example, pressing the Fn key and
the up or down arrow on the keyboard shown
below, increases and decreases the brightness
of the screen. Many laptop keyboards omit the
numeric keypad to save space.

11. Smartphone and tablet keyboards

O Apple iPhone keyboard Today's smartphones
and tablets do not come with a physical
keyboard, although it may be purchased as an
optional peripheral add-on. These devices
utilize a thumb keyboard or on-screen
keyboard to type messages and enter text into
various fields. The image to the right shows
an example of the Apple iPhone on-screen
keyboard, used on all of Apple's touch-based
devices.

12. Keyboards in smartphone

13. Bibliography:

O https://www.computerhope.com/jargon/k/k
eyboard.htm
O https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_key
board
O https://www.thoughtco.com/history-of-thecomputer-keyboard-1991402