Extremism التطرف Causes and Remedies

1. EXTREMISM التطرف Causes and Remedies

1
EXTREMISM ‫التطرف‬
CAUSES AND REMEDIES
Chapter 4

2. Learning Outcomes

Extremism
Learning Outcomes
By the end of this chapter, students will be able to:
Define extremism in their own words
Contrast extremism and the nature of Islam
List causes of extremism
List solutions and extremism
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3. Lecture Outline

Extremism
Lecture Outline
• Extremism: definition, types and extremists.
• Results of extremism
• Moderation
• Extremism vs The Nature of Islam
• Causes and Solutions of extremism
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4. Terminology

Extremism
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Terminology
Extreme ‫التطرف‬means..
Very great in degree
Not ordinary or usual
Serious or severe ‫شديد‬, bad.
Far from normal, far from reasonable
or something that is unacceptable.

5.

What is Extremism?
Extremism is an ideology (particularly
in politics or religion), considered to be far
outside the mainstream attitudes of a society
or to violate common moral standards.
Extremism can take many forms, including
political, religious and economic.

6. What is Extremism?

Extremism
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What is Extremism?
• Extremism is the opposite of moderation. It
refers to extreme ideas and opinions which
are far away from the middle and straight
path.
• Islam
warns against Extremism and
considers it as a preference towards
individual requirements.

7. Extremism in political and religious terms

Extremism
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Extremism in political and religious
terms
1. Political extremism refers to ideology that is
far outside the political center of a society.
2. Religious extremism refers to
excessiveness or remoteness in religion and
thought, as well as behavior.

8. Extremist

Extremism
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Extremist
A person whose opinions, especially about
religion or politics, are extreme, and who
may do things that are violent ‫العنف‬and illegal
for what he believes to be right.
Extremists ‫المتطرفين‬are usually contrasted
with moderates . ‫المعتدلين‬

9. Verses from Qur’an

‫‪9‬‬
‫‪Extremism‬‬
‫‪Verses from Qur’an‬‬
‫‪• “We made you to be a community of the middle way, so‬‬
‫‪that (with the example of your lives) you might bear‬‬
‫)‪witness to the truth before all mankind.” (Qur’an, 2:143‬‬
‫جعَ ْلنَا ا ْل ِق ْبلَةَ الَّتِي •‬
‫سو ُل َ‬
‫ش َهدَاء َ‬
‫سطا ً ِلتَكُونُواْ ُ‬
‫علَ ْي ُك ْم ش َِهيدا ً َو َما َ‬
‫( َو َك َذ ِلكَ َجعَ ْلنَا ُك ْم أ ُ َّمةً َو َ‬
‫الر ُ‬
‫علَى النَّ ِ‬
‫اس َويَكُو َن َّ‬
‫علَى الَّذ َ‬
‫ِين َهدَى للاُ َو َما‬
‫يرةً ِإالَّ َ‬
‫علَى َ‬
‫ب َ‬
‫كُنتَ َ‬
‫الر ُ‬
‫سو َل ِم َّمن َينقَ ِل ُ‬
‫ع ِق َب ْي ِه َو ِإن كَانَتْ لَ َك ِب َ‬
‫علَ ْي َها ِإالَّ ِلنَ ْعلَ َم َمن َيت َّ ِب ُع َّ‬
‫ك َ‬
‫ُوف َّر ِحي ٌم)‬
‫للا بِالنَّ ِ‬
‫اس لَ َرؤ ٌ‬
‫َان للاُ ِليُ ِضي َع إِي َمانَ ُك ْم إِ َّن َ‬
‫‪• Let there arise from among you a band of people who‬‬
‫”‪invite to righteousness, and enjoin good and forbid evil.‬‬
‫)‪(Qur’an, 3:104‬‬
‫وف َو َي ْن َه ْو َن ع َِن ا ْل ُمنك َِر َوأ ُ ْو َلـ ِئكَ ُه ُم ا ْل ُم ْْف ِل ُح َ‬
‫ُون ِإلَى ا ْل َخي ِْر َو َيأ ْ ُم ُر َ‬
‫• ( َو ْلتَكُن ِمن ُك ْم أ ُ َّمةٌ َي ْدع َ‬
‫ون)‬
‫ون ِبا ْل َم ْع ُر ِ‬

10. (Example for religious extremism) Hadeeth

Extremism
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(Example for religious extremism)
Hadeeth
Going to an extreme means to leave the Sunnah of the Prophet
(PBUH)and define piety for oneself. Once a group of three men
came to the house of the Prophet (PBUH) and comparing their
worship to that done by the Prophet (PBUH)thought that they
should do more. So one of them said, “I will offer the prayer
throughout the night forever.” The other said, “I will fast
throughout the year and will not break my fast.” The third said, “I
will keep away from women and will not marry ever.”
Rasul Allah (PBUH)said to them, “By Allah, I am more
submissive (obedient) to Allah and more afraid of Him than you;
yet I fast and break my fast, I do sleep and I also marry women.
So he who does not follow my tradition in religion, is not from me
(not one of my followers).” [Sahih Bukhari]

11.

‫التوازن في الشريعة االلهية والمنهج الوسط في عبادة هللا تعالى‬
‫أخرج البخاري ومسلم في صحيحهما من حديث أنس بن مالك رضي هللا عنه قال ‪:‬‬
‫جاء ثالثة رهط إلى بيوت أزواج النبي صلى هللا عليه وسلم ‪ ،‬يسألون عن عبادة النبي‬
‫صلى هللا عليه وسلم ‪ ،‬فلما أخبروا كأنهم تقالوها ‪ ،‬فقالوا ‪ :‬وأين نحن من النبي صلى‬
‫هللا عليه وسلم ؟ قد غفر له ما تقدم من ذنبه وما تأخر ‪.‬‬
‫قال أحدهم ‪ :‬أما أنا فإني أصلي الليل أبداً ‪.‬‬
‫وقال آخر ‪ :‬أنا أصوم الدهر وال أفطر ‪.‬‬
‫وقال آخر ‪ :‬أنا أعتزل النساء فال أتزوج أبداً ‪.‬‬
‫فجاء رسول هللا صلى هللا عليه وسلم إليهم ‪ ،‬فقال ‪ " :‬أنتم الذين قلتم كذا وكذا ‪ ،‬أما‬
‫وهللا إني ألخشاكم هلل وأتقاكم له ‪ ،‬لكني أصوم وأفطر ‪ ،‬وأصلي وأرقد ‪ ،‬وأتزوج‬
‫النساء ‪ ،‬فمن رغب عن سنتي فليس مني "‬

12. Extremism leads to…

12
Extremism leads to…
1. Extremism makes people go away from religion
2. It creates violence
3. Makes people forget tolerance (impatient )
4. Kill each other
5. Destruct nations

13. What is Moderationالاعتدال ?

Extremism
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What is Moderation ‫?االعتدال‬
It is the opposite of Extremism. It is neither extreme nor
loose ‫فضفاضة‬.
It is the middle and the straight path which is against
terrorism, violence, slavery and destruction.
Islam asks for Moderation.
“Thus we have made you, a nation of middle and straight
path”
Surat – al- Baqarah

14.

Compare between the extremist individual and the
moderate individual?
Extremist individual A person whose ideas and
opinions are far away from normal and who may do things
that is violent and illegal. He doesn’t follow reason in
judging things in life. They take towards violence and create
destruction.
Moderate individual – is the one who follows Islam and be
in the middle and straight path. They follow Islam and try to
implement the ideas related to Qur’an and Sunnah. They are
away from terrorism, slavery, violence and destruction.

15. Extremism and the nature of Islam

Extremism
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Extremism and the nature of Islam
Islam asks for moderation. It is the middle path that
Allah chose for humanity.
Islam is, therefore, against rigid (firm) ‫ جامدة‬and extreme
‫المتطرفة‬ideas.
Anyway, the problem of extremism is not exclusive to
the Muslim world; it is faced by all countries and all
religions.

16. Causes of Extremism

Extremism
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Causes of Extremism
1. Lack of freedom and political rights
2. Misunderstanding Islam
3. Foreign occupation
4. Economic factors
Question for Discussion:
Explain some of the causes that takes people towards
Extremism.
1. Poverty
2. Lack of Education
3. Unemployment
4. Family violence
5. Uncontrolled Technology
6. Bad friends

17. Solutions for Extremism

Extremism
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Solutions for Extremism
1. Spreading awareness among youth
2. Media should focus on the sides of the problem
3. The world must stop connecting Islam with extremism
4. There should be opportunities for dialogue and
discussion
5. Clear and correct understanding of Islam.
Briefly discuss some of the solutions to the problem of
extremism.

18. Questions:

How Islam fights extremism?
1. Islam wants moderation, which is the middle
and the straight path.
2. Any idea away from the center of the society
is not accepted by Islam.
3. Islam has made clear view in the Holy
Qur’an and Sunnah about extremism. It
gives various ayats and hadiths stating that
Islam is against extremism.

19.

Poverty and Extremism
The notion that poverty is the main cause of terrorism is
one of the most contentious ideas in this global. Islamic
terrorism is caused by poverty and oppression. Poverty is
a social problem because its effects are felt in society as a
whole. For example if you examine most of the crimes;
most of them are committed by those who are from
extremely neglected and poor backgrounds.
Poverty leads to Extremism which makes people go
away from religion, It creates violence, Makes people
forget tolerance, Kill each other and Destruct nations

20.

Poverty and Extremism
Yes, poverty is considered as a problem to extremism.it
may push poor people to be extremists since they may
lack their personal rights in society and might not gain
enough education to recognize the differences between
right and wrong things.
Extremism could be an effect of poverty; this could be
due to the fact that poor people don’t have enough
money to get well education, so they might believe every
thing they hear from extremists which are willing to
harm the image of Islamic religion.

21.

Media and Extremism
Media can be a solution if :
1. It shows the right thing to people
2. It gives correct ideas
3. Talk about Islam in a right way
Causes
1. Media shows only one side of life
2. Focus on Islam as terrorism
3. Negative aspects of punishments in Islam
4. Focus on Muslim terrorist more