Present Perfect Tense

1. Present Perfect Tense

* Present Perfect
Tense

2. Perfect Verb Forms

Perfect verb forms are made with HAVE + PAST
PARTICIPLE
She has lost her memory. (simple present perfect)
They have been living in France for the last year.
(present perfect progressive)
I told him that I had never heard of the place.
(simple past perfect tense)
We will have finished by tomorrow afternoon.
(simple future perfect)
*Perfect Verb Forms

3. Perfect Verb Forms- USE

A perfect verb form generally shows the time of
an event as being earlier than some other
time (past, present, future). It also shows how
the speaker sees the event- perhaps as being
connected to a later event, or as being
completed by a certain time. (M. Swan:
Practical English Usage, Second Edition, OUP,
1996).
*Perfect Verb FormsUSE

4. The Simple Present Perfect Tense

Affirmative auxiliary HAVE and PAST
PARTICIPLE
I have worked- He has worked
Interrogative
Inversion: Have I worked? Has it
worked?
Negative
I have not worked. She hasn´t worked.
*The Simple Present
Perfect Tense

5. The Simple Present Perfect Tense- USE

1.
Finished events connected with the
present
I can´t go on holiday because I have broken my
leg.
Some fool has let the cat in.
2. Finished events NEWS
There has been an explosion at Edinburgh
Castle.
* The Simple Present Perfect
Tense- USE

6. The Simple Present Perfect Tense- USE

3. Finished events with expression of ´time up
to now´( ever, before, never, yet, already)
I´m sure we´ve met before.
Has Ben come yet?
4. Repetition and continuation to now (since,
for)
I´ve written six letters since lunchtime. We´ve
always lived here. I´ve studied hard for years.
* The Simple Present Perfect
Tense- USE

7. The Simple Present Perfect Tense- USE

5. Time not mentioned
Have you ever seen Hamlet? You´ve done a lot
for me.
BUT We use the past simple tense with
expressions of finished time.
Tom was ill last week. She died three years ago.
6. Ordinal numbers, superlatives, experience
That´s the third cake you´ve eaten this
morning.
It´s one of the most interesting books I´ve ever
read.
* The Simple Present Perfect
Tense- USE

8. The Simple Present Perfect Tense- USE

7. In American English the simple past
is often used to give news.
Did you hear? Switzerland declared
war on Mongolia.
Lucy just called.
Did you eat already?
* The Simple Present Perfect
Tense- USE

9. The Present Perfect progressive Tense

Affirmative
I have been working. It has been
working.
Interrogative
Have you been working?
Negative
We haven´t been working.
* The Present Perfect
progressive Tense

10. The Present Perfect progressive Tense- USE

1.
Situations which started in the past and are
still going on, or which have just stopped and
have present results
You look hot. Yes, I´ve been running.
Sorry, I´m late. Have you been waiting long?
2. Situations which are just coming to an end or
may change, or when we are talking about
how long a situation has lasted- Up to now
focus
* The Present Perfect
progressive Tense- USE

11. The Present Perfect progressive Tense- USE

How long have you been learning English?
It´s been raining since Christmas.
3. Continuous, extended activity (not
necessarily finished)
I must have a bath. I´ve been gardening all
afternoon.
Sorry about the mess- I´ve been painting
the house (focus on continuous activity)
*The Present Perfect
I´ve painted two rooms since lunchtime.
(focus on completion)
progressive Tense- USE

12. The Present Perfect progressive Tense- USE

4. More temporary actions and
situations
When we talk about longer-lasting or
permanent situations we often
prefer the simple present perfect.
That man has been standing on the
corner all day.
*
Present
Perfect
For 900 years The
the castle
has stood
on
the hill above
the village.Tense- USE
progressive

13. Practice

* To je potřetí, co ti to vysvětluji.
* Copak ten program ještě neskončil?
* Ze zoo uprchl jedovatý had.
* Přinesl jsem ti nalý dárek. Doufám, že se ti
bude líbit.
* Je mnohem štíhlejší. Poslední dobou více cvičí.
* Tohle mě často napadalo. Píše poezii od té
doby, co odešla z univerzity.
*Practice