2ObjectClause

1.

Structurally Dependent Use of Forms
Expressing Unreality
The Use of Forms Expressing
Unreality (the Oblique Moods) in
OBJECT CLAUSES

2.

OBJECT CLAUSE
In OBJECT CLAUSES
the use of different forms of
the predicate depends on the
LEXICAL character of the
predicate verb in the principal
clause

3.

OBJECT CLAUSE
As a rule, the Indicative Mood
is used in Object Clauses
e.g.: We know (that) he is doing very well
in his studies.

4.

OBJECT CLAUSE
However, after certain verbs
and expressions the Oblique
Moods are used in Object
Clauses

5.

OBJECT CLAUSE
1. After expressions of suggestion,
order, decision
the Suppositional Mood
or
Subjunctive I

6.

OBJECT CLAUSE
decide
demand
give instructions/orders
insist
make up one’s mind
order
propose
recommend
request
require
suggest
urge
arrange
be anxious
be determined, etc
The Suppositional
Mood
(should +
Infinitive)
THAT
or
Subjunctive I
(V1)
(rarely,
(syndetical in formal style)
connection)

7.

OBJECT CLAUSE
The Suppositional
Mood
(should +
Infinitive)
e.g.: Con demanded that Andrew should
return home.
Subjunctive I
(V1)
e.g.: She urged that he go to Europe.

8.

OBJECT CLAUSE
2. After expressions of necessity,
recommendation with “it” as the
Subject in the principal clause
the Suppositional Mood
or
Subjunctive I

9.

OBJECT CLAUSE
It is necessary
important
vital
imperative
essential
urgent
advisable
desirable
impossible
strange
odd
annoying, etc.
The Suppositional
Mood
(should +
Infinitive)
THAT
or
Subjunctive I
(V1)
(rarely,
(syndetical in formal style)
connection)

10.

OBJECT CLAUSE
The Suppositional
Mood
(should +
Infinitive)
e.g.: It’s necessary that they should be
careful in the lab.
Subjunctive I
(V1)
e.g.: It was essential that the staff be
highly-qualified.

11.

OBJECT CLAUSE
3. After the verb
“WISH”
a)Subjunctive
II
(non-perfect)
b)Subjunctive
II
(perfect)
c) would
might
could
+
Infinitive

12.

OBJECT CLAUSE
3. After the verb “WISH”
a) Subjunctive II
(non-perfect)
shows that the action of the Object
Clause is simultaneous with that of
the Principal Clause
e.g.: I wish it were true.
I wished they were with us at the party.
!!! asyndetical connection

13.

OBJECT CLAUSE
3. After the verb “WISH”
b) Subjunctive II
(perfect)
shows that the action of the Object
Clause is prior (precedes) to that of
the Principal Clause
e.g.: I wish it had been true.
I wished you had not brought me here.
!!! asyndetical connection

14.

OBJECT CLAUSE
3. After the verb “WISH”
c) would, might, could
+ Infinitive
shows that the action of the Object
Clause follows that of the Principal
Clause
e.g.: I wish I could drop the whole matter.
I wished the child would show more affection
for me.
!!! asyndetical connection

15.

OBJECT CLAUSE
3. After the verb “WISH”
e.g.: I wish I knew the truth.
may be rendered in Russian in 2 ways:
«Как бы мне
хотелось …»
«Как жаль …»

16.

OBJECT CLAUSE
4. After the idiomatic phrase “It is time
(It’s high time. It is about time.)”
+
Subjunctive II
(non-perfect)
e.g.:
It’s high time you were in bed, my child.
It was time we had lunch.
!!! asyndetical connection

17.

OBJECT CLAUSE
5. After expressions of fear
To be afraid
fearful
frightened
in horror
nervous
terrified
troubled
to fear
to tremble, etc.
(THAT)
The Indicative
Mood
OR
The Suppositional
Mood
(syndetical
(should +
connection)
Infinitive)
LEST
in literary
style !!!

18.

OBJECT CLAUSE
5. After expressions of fear
I’m afraid nothing has been done yet.
(The Indicative Mood)
They were terrified lest someone should
discover their secret hiding place.
(The Suppositional Mood)
e.g.: