Ireland in the XX-th century. Nationalism, Partition, Independence

1. Ireland in the XX-th century:

Nationalism, Partition, Independence

2. Overview:

The Celtic Revival
W.B. Yeats
The Irish Nationalism
Patrick Pearse and
James Connolly
The Easter Rising of 1916
The Civil War
Michael Collins
The Partition of Ireland
The Troubles

3. The Cultural Revival

End of the XXth century:
Revival of the Irish language;
Reviving Gaelic sports (hurling).
The Irish Literary Revival /
The Celtic Revival
Creating a national myth of
Ireland;
Englishness = contamination

4.

hurling

5.

6.

Lady
Gregory
Maud Gonne
W.B. Yeats (1923 – The Nobel Prize)

7. No Second Troy

Why should I blame her that That nobleness made simple
she filled my days
as a fire,
With misery, or that she
would of late
With beauty like a tightened
bow, a kind
Have taught to ignorant men That is not natural in an age
most violent ways,
like this,
Or hurled the little streets
upon the great,
Being high and solitary and
most stern?
Had they but courage equal Why, what could she have
to desire?
done, being what she is?
What could have made her Was there another Troy for
peaceful with a mind
her to burn?

8.

All changed, changed utterly:
A terrible beauty is born.

9.

Patrick Pearse
James Connolly

10. The Easter Rising

April 1916
1250 people (minority)
The General Post Office
Afterwards: heroes
The Tricolour:
Orange: Protestants
Green: Catholics
White: peace

11. Symbols of Nationalism

12.

The Dublin Castle
The General Post Office

13. The Easter Rising

15 leaders
Tried in secret
A military court
Death sentence
The public opinion:
unfair
A public trial!
Martyrs

14. The Irish Society: Radicalisation

The IRA
Aim: an independent
republic
1918 – Sinn Fein
Extreme nationalist
Party
Eamon de Valera –
leader
Michael Collins –
Minister of Finance
A guerilla war
1919 – The War of
Independence
Arson, intimidation,
terrorism

15.

Eamon de Valera
Michael Collins

16. The Anglo-Irish Treaty (December 6 1921)

The Irish Delegation: M. Collins The country: officially divided
Irish unity
26 (Free State) vs 6 (UK)
Extent of independence
De Valera and M. Collins ->
enemies
Relationship to the UK
The Republic: not an offer!
Supported by 64%
Michael Collins
(1996)

17. Michael Collins

22 August 1922
Co. Cork
31 years old
1923: the War ended
Eamon de Valera:
Prime Minister -> 3 terms
The 3-d president
(1959 – 1973)

18. The Troubles (1968 – 1998)

Protestant Provinces -> Republic
Catholic provinces -> Northern
Ireland
A minority of nationalists
Systematic discrimination
The IRA
1972: The Bloody Sunday: Derry,
Jan 30
500 people dead
1994: ceasefire
1998: the Good Friday Agreement

19. H/W: Listen and watch. The Cranberries:

https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=6Ejga4kJUts –
Zombie (Any references?)
https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=nKKS_qfswIw –
Yeats’ Grave (Which poem
is being quoted?)

20. Films:

The Story of Ireland. Part 5.
The Age of Nations
(documentary):
https://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=rO2J70RLzA8
Michael Collins (1996)
The Wind that Shakes the
Barley (2006)
Rebellion (mini-series, 2016)

21. Extra Links:

https://www.britannica.com/topic/Irish-Republican-Army the Partition
http://www.theirishstory.com/2015/02/09/the-northernireland-conflict-1968-1998-an-overview/#.WRDF4YjyjIU – The
Troubles
http://www.heritage.org/europe/report/how-irelandbecame-the-celtic-tiger - The Celtic Tiger
https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-Butler-Yeats
- W.B. - Yeats
http://www.e-reading.club/bookreader.php/94482/Iieiits__Perevody_iz_Uil%27yama_Iieiitsa_%28Grigoriii_Kruzhkov%29_
Velikoe_koleso_vozvrashcheniii.html - Григорий Кружков о
У.Б.Йейтсе

22. Videos:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GxGxhUjwjS8&list=PL55XqDjybyL_Hta
ZQSfy0ljqYL3iR7YGS&index=48 - The Development of Irish Nationalism
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TBf376fSk8s&list=PL55XqDjybyL_HtaZ
QSfy0ljqYL3iR7YGS&index=53 - The Road to the Rising
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iP1XY3_OM1w&list=PL55XqDjybyL_Ht
aZQSfy0ljqYL3iR7YGS&index=55 - The Leaders of the 1916 Rising
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cO0HQtQ_Yls&list=PL55XqDjybyL_Hta
ZQSfy0ljqYL3iR7YGS&index=56 - The Fighting of Easter Week
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ulgttNC6KI&index=57&list=PL55XqDjybyL_HtaZQSfy0ljqYL3iR7YGS - The
Execution of the 1916 Leaders
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wXAoRWZvjDA&list=PL55XqDjybyL_Ht
aZQSfy0ljqYL3iR7YGS&index=61 - The Anglo Irish Treaty

23. Videos:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GilpIxbVMog&index=63&list=PL55XqDjyby
L_HtaZQSfy0ljqYL3iR7YGS - The Civil War
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Ya3jOBWPbM&list=PL55XqDjybyL_HtaZQS
fy0ljqYL3iR7YGS&index=66 - O'Connell, Parnell, and the 1916 Rising
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tATeLQLB74&index=1&list=PL55XqDjybyL_HtaZQSfy0ljqYL3iR7YGS Ireland in Rebellion,
lecture 1.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MpHlV48jh80&list=PL55XqDjybyL_HtaZQSfy
0ljqYL3iR7YGS&index=2 Lecture 2: The 1916 Proclamation
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3s1iH3z8EhY&index=4&list=PL5Hq3K1XF7QZ
-4fpJN0fQ-XxCpwhh7DvN - BBC Northern Ireland Bloody Friday Documentary