ISLAM

1.

ISLAM
Korchuganova T., Zakhvataeva M., Shtepner K.

2.

Islam - ‘submission’, ‘surrendering oneself to the One God’ - is
the world's youngest and second-largest monotheistic Abrahamic
religion after Christianity. The number of adherents is about two
billion.

3.

Islam emerged in the 7th century. Its founder is the Prophet Muhammad.
The holy book is the Quran; the second most important source of Islamic
doctrine and law is the Sunnah, which is a set of traditions (hadith) about the
sayings and deeds of the Prophet Muhammad.

4.

Prophets and messengers in the Quran
Name
Notes
Equivalent in other traditions
Ādam َ‫آد‬
First human being, first prophet and father of all
humanity
Adam
Nūḥ [‫نُوح‬
Sent to the people of Noah. Survivor of the Great
Flood
Noah
ʾIbrāhīm ‫ِإبْراه‬
Sent to the people of Iraq and Syria. Builder of
the Kaaba. Associated with the Scrolls of Abraham
Abraham
Mūsā َ‫ُموسى‬
Challenged the Pharaoh; lead the migration back to
Israel. Associated with the Tawrah and Scrolls of
Moses[98]
Moses
ʿĪsā َ‫ِعيسى‬
c. 4BCE – c. 33CE. The Messiah sent to the
Children of Israel. Associated with the Injil
Jesus
Muḥammad ‫ُمح َّمد‬
570 – 632CE. Shepherd, merchant, founder
of Islam; Seal of the Prophets, Islam's prophet sent
to all humanity and jinn. Compiler of the Quran
-

5.

In 28 countries around the world, Islam is the state or official religion.
Yemen
Saudi Arabia
Iraq
Yemen
Republic of Maldives
Republic of Mauritania
Pakistan
Afghanistan

6.

Shi'ites - a branch of Islam that unites various communities that
recognise Ali ibn Abu Talib (a cousin, son-in-law and associate of
the Prophet Muhammad) and his descendants as the only legitimate
heirs and spiritual successors of the Prophet Muhammad.

7.

Sins of disbelief
Disbelief (kufr).
Hypocrisy (nifaq).
Polytheism (shirk).
Apostasy (ridda).

8.

Body’s sins
Tattooing.
Imitation of the opposite sex.
Changing the body.
Wearing of gold articles and
silk by a man.

9.

Eyes’ sins
Lustful gaze.
Looking at the shameful parts of
the body (avrat). For women
avrat is the whole body, except
for the oval of the face and hands,
for men - from the navel to the
knees inclusive.
A contemptuous look at a person.
Peeping and peeping into another
person's house, keyhole, etc.

10.

Ears’ sins
Eavesdropping on conversations
of people who do not wish to be
heard.
Listening to forbidden music
and sounds.
Listening to slander, backbiting,
gossip, and the like.

11.

Tongue’s sins
Cursing
Deceit
Perjury and false oaths
Gloating (shamata)
Ridicule (suhriya)
Rebuke (mann)
Idle talk (lagu)
Loud mourning, shouting and lamenting for the deceased.

12.

The Five Pillars of Islam
1. Muslim creed
2. Prayer
3. Charity to the poor
4. Fasting in the month of Ramadan
5. The pilgrimage to Mecca for those who are able

13.

Sharia
Sharia is a body of religious
law that forms a part of the
Islamic tradition based on
scriptures of Islam, particularly
the Qur'an and hadith.

14.

Fiqh
Fiqh s Islamic jurisprudence. Thus, whereas sharia is considered immutable
and infallible by Muslims, fiqh is considered fallible and changeable.
Fiqh deals with the observance of rituals, morals and social legislation in
Islam as well as economic and political system.

15.

STEREOTYPES ABOUT MUSLIMS

16.

Muslims have another God - Allah
Allah is not God, «Allah» is an abbreviation of the expression «Allah
Almighty», which in Arabic means «One God».

17.

Muslims are intolerant of other religions

18.

All Muslims are terrorists
Muslims are religiously forbidden from harming innocent people, as
well as harming animals and plants during military operations

19.

«Jihad» is a synonym for the word «terrorism»
Jihad is a path to achieving spiritual good, a path to gaining the pleasure
(approval) of the Almighty. Jihad in Islam is also called the fight against
spiritual or social vices, against lies and corruption, against social injustice.

20.

Muslims want to establish Sharia law throughout the world
Sharia is a way of life that all Muslims adhere to first of all in relation to
themselves personally. Sharia is what a Muslim does in the morning and in
the evening - prays, does not smoke, wears a hijab and goes to the mosque.

21.

Muslim men abuse and oppress their women
In all the news and stories where Muslims beat and mistreat their wives,
it is not the religion that is to blame, but those same men.

22.

Muslim women are not allowed to communicate
with men before marriage
It all depends on who the man is to her. This does not apply to family
members and close relatives.

23.

Muslim women are forced to wear hijab
They do it or do not do it absolutely voluntarily.