The judicial system of france in modern period

1.

THE JUDICIAL
SYSTEM OF FRANCE
IN MODERN PERIOD

2.

The formation of the
new justice fell on the
era of the Consulate and
the Empire and was
interconnected with the
general policy of
Napoleon in the
direction of strict
centralization of all
spheres of state activity.

3.

«The beginning of the reform»
The new organization of
justice was based on the
Constitution of 1799. The
independence of judges
was limited: instead of
electability, their
appointment by the
supreme power was
introduced, and
disciplinary responsibility
of judges was introduced.

4.

«Organization of justice»
The lower instance of justice
was represented by a
magistrate court. Minor civil
cases, as well as primary police
and investigative actions, were
subject to his jurisdiction.

5.

The system of civil and criminal courts was divided. For civil jurisdiction,
there were courts of appeal consisting of 12 to 31 judges. For criminal –
departmental tribunals consisting of a chairman and two judges.

6.

The single
highest body for
criminal and
civil justice was
the Court of
Cassation.

7.

There were also
courts of exclusive
jurisdiction. The
most important of
these was the
Supreme Imperial
Court, where
crimes of officials,
nobility, official
crimes of prefects,
as well as charges
of conspiracy and
treason were
dealt with.

8.

Result
During the Modern
period, the French
judicial system has
undergone significant
changes and reforms. It
became more centralized
and organized, which
contributed to the
strengthening of State
power and law and
order.