Знаменитые архитекторы России

1.

МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И МОЛОДЕЖНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ РЯЗАНСКОЙ
ОБЛАСТИ
ОГБПОУ «Рязанский строительный колледж имени Героя Советского Союза В.А. Беглова»
Презентация по дисциплине
Иностранный язык в профессиональной
деятельности на тему:
«Знаменитые архитекторы России»
Выполнил: студент
5 курса, группы ПС-51
Бурмистров Д. А.
Проверила: Соболева Т. И.

2.

Georgy Krutikov
• One of the main revolutionaries of
Soviet architecture, utopian artist
Georgy Krutikov created a bold
project "Flying City" for his time.
This model is still approached by
scientists and practitioners of
innovative thinking.

3.

Krutikov built many buildings of the 1930s in the style of postconstructivism: he was inspired by the forms and details of classical
architectural orders, which he skillfully fit into avant-garde projects.
At this time, Georgy Krutikov,
together with an architect from
the Ladovsky team, developed a
project of the metro station
"Gorky Culture Park" (today
"Park of Culture"). Under the
leadership of Krutikov, the
above-ground and underground
lobbies of the station were built.
Seven Moscow schools and a
residential building in
Novospassky Lane also
appeared.

4.

5.

Alexey Shchusev
Before the revolution of 1917,
architect Alexei Shchusev
painted iconostasis and built
churches, and in the Soviet
years he built the Lenin
Mausoleum and the NKVD
building. The architect did not
adhere to a single style and was
able to respond to the demands
of our time. In 1945, Alexey
Shchusev became the first
director of the Museum of
Architecture, which became a
reflection of the history of
architecture in Russia.

6.

• In 1909, on the territory of the Martha and Mary Convent of Mercy, by
order of Princess Elizabeth Romanova, Shchusev began to build the
Intercession Cathedral - a building in the Novorusian style. All the
details had prototypes in Old Russian architecture, but were made in
the spirit of modern art. After that, Shchusev designed several more
churches: churches in Natalevka, Glazovka, Rakitnaya and the Church
of the Transfiguration in the fraternal cemetery in Moscow.

7.

Architect of Lenin’s Mausoleum
• In 1922, Shchusev was appointed chairman of the Moscow
Architectural Society. On the day of Lenin's death - two years
later - the architect was ordered to design a temporary
mausoleum for the leader's body on Red Square in a few hours.
• A wooden mausoleum according to Shchusev's project was built
in four days. The building was a cube crowned with a three-stage
pyramid. After that, Shchusev became an officially recognized
chief Soviet architect. He was given state orders for residential
and administrative buildings, sanatoriums and hotels throughout
the country. Later, it was Shchusev who was entrusted with the
construction of the second wooden mausoleum and the third,
stone one.

8.

9.

One of Shchusev's last works was the Komsomolskaya metro station
of the Ring Line of the subway. Shchusev performed the design of the
station dedicated to the victory over the German invaders in the
Russian style.

10.

Boris Iofan
Soviet architect Boris Iofan
studied architecture in Italy, and
returning to the USSR, he became
one of the most famous architects
in the capital. He built residential
buildings and sanatoriums for the
political elite, built new districts of
Moscow and designed two
pavilions for World Exhibitions in
Paris. One of the most grandiose
ideas of the architect was the
Palace of Soviets - a large-scale
structure that was never built
because of the beginning of the
Great Patriotic War.

11.

House on the Embankment
Iofan designed the building in the spirit of
constructivism. Strict geometric shapes
and conciseness were dictated not only by
the architect's idea, but also by the
complexity of the structure. The interiors
of the externally ascetic house were
elegantly decorated, the paintings were
made by restorers invited from the
Hermitage. There was oak parquet on the
floors, the walls were decorated with
painting, and the ceilings were stucco.
Security and servants were located on the
first floors, and the area of the apartments
reached 300 square meters.

12.

13.

Grand project of the Palace of
Soviets
Boris Iofan has been developing the project of the Palace of
Soviets for 25 years, but it was never implemented. The
building was supposed to become the highest building in the
world and embody the strength and power of the Soviet state.
The decision to build it was made personally by Joseph Stalin.
It was planned to place authorities in the Palace, hold meetings
and congresses inside, and demonstrations were held in the
square in front of it. The place for construction was determined
in the very center of Moscow, on Volkhonka Street. In 1931, the
Cathedral of Christ the Savior built in the XIX century was
blown up here to make room for the construction of the palace.

14.

In Iofan's project, the palace
was a stepped tower on a
massive base surrounded by a
colonnade with porticoes. At
the bottom of the building, the
architects planned to build
terraces that would create a
transition from a horizontal
base to a high-altitude
cylindrical part of the
building. At the top of the
tower, the figure of a worker
soared up, later in the project
it was replaced with a
hundred-meter statue of
Vladimir Lenin. The palace
turned into a giant pedestal
for the monument.