Climate, global warming: and its influence on historical developments in Kyrgyzstan Content

1.

Climate, global warming: and
its influence on historical
developments in Kyrgyzstan
Content
How does climate affect human
life and history?
Flora and fauna and human
civilizations
Conclusion
Literature

2.

The impacts of climate change include

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!warming temperature
!changes in precipitation
!increases in the frequency or intensity of
some extreme weather events
!rising sea levels
Formation of greenhouse gases

4.

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The dirty fossil fuel emissions contributes to the greenhouse effect
It can lead to respiratory diseases – such as asthma – in children and adults.
Air pollution kills an estimated 7 million people worldwide every year.

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What is Climate gentrification about ?

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Gentrification - the process whereby the
character of a poor urban area is changed
by wealthier people moving in, improving
housing, and attracting new businesses,
often displacing current inhabitants in the
process.

8.

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Global warming is the
unusually rapid increase
in Earth’s average
surface temperature due
to the greenhouse gases
released by people
burning fossil fuels.

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By the beginning of the 21st century, Earth’s
temperature was roughly 0.5 degrees Celsius above the
long-term (1951–1980) average. (NASA research)

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Global efforts: laws,
actions, initiatives
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC) is the United Nations body
for assessing the science related to climate
change (2015).
The Global Warming Solutions Act of
2006, fights global warming by
establishing a comprehensive
program to reduce greenhouse gas
emissions.

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4k_Icpyo
CPk
https://www.ucentralasia.org/Resources/Item/
2130/EN

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Climate change effects on Kyrgyzstan
Over the period from 1885
to now, temperature in the
Kyrgyz Republic has
increased significantly.
Assessment of the expected changes shows,
the temperature may increase by more than
4.5оС by 2100.
The duration of the heating period will also
significantly reduce – by 16% by 2050 and by
more than 30% by 2080.

15.

The environmental
agency of KR says
only 4.3 per cent of
the mountainous
country’s territory is
now forested between half and
two-thirds of the
area 50 years ago
The rise of livestock in
KR from 1997 – 2011.
During 14 years the
number of livestock
rose from 9.5 million
LU to 13.8 million, an
increase of 45.3%
(Atadjanov et al.
2012).

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Civilization
a relatively high level of cultural and technological development
specifically : the stage of cultural development at which writing and the
keeping of written records is attained (Merriam-Webster dictionary)

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What civilization is
about?

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Кыргызстан

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Туркменистан

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Узбекистан

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Makhmud Kashgari
(1029-1125/7), author of
Divan-lugat at Turk

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Features
of
civilization
“The growth of agriculture resulted in intensification, which had
important consequences for social organization.
Larger groups gave rise to new challenges and required more
sophisticated systems of social administration.
Complex societies took the forms of larger agricultural villages,
cities, city-states, and states, which shared many features.
Specialized labor gave rise to distinct social classes and enabled
creative and innovative developments.
Systems of record-keeping and symbolic expression grew more
complex, and many societies had systems of writing”. (Khan
Academy)

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Writing SYSTEM
The first legal codes, or written
collections of laws, were the
Code of Ur-Nammu from
Sumer, written around 2100 to
2050 BCE and the Code of
Hammurabi from Babylon,
written around 1760 BCE.

28.

Vessel from Mesopotamia, late Ubaid period (4,500–4,000
BCE)

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Types of cibilizations
Egyptian Civilization: There were masters in Marine and Civil engineering
Mesopotamian Civilization: Known for Hanging Gardens of Babylon. They
were good with Medicine, Astronomy, and Mathematics.
Chinese Civilization: Another civilization famous for its understanding in
Mathematics, Architecture, Warfare and Civil Engineering. Gunpowder,
Paper, Compass were developed here. Plus, Seismograph to measure
Earth Quakes. Umbrellas, Terracotta, Kites, Porcelain, Glass making
Greek Civilization: They developed surveying and mathematics to an
advanced state. They are known for great inventions like Water Mill,
Aqua duct, Cartography, Alarm Clock, Odometer, Olympics, Concept of
Democracy, Calipers, Differential Gears, Archimedes principles.

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The Clash of Civilizations by S.Huntington (1996) is a hypothesis that
people's cultural and religious identities will be the primary source of
conflict in the post-Cold War world.

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Conclusion
Climate change encompasses rising average temperatures, shifting
population, rising seas, devastating soils, ctr.
Global efforts have been organized in terms of decrease ng impact of global
warming.
Civilizations were the source of development.
Changes were based on the development of cities, urban life and writing
systems.
However, these features of civilizations cannot be the only criteria of a
civilizational development.
Civilizational theories explain diversity and commonalities.
Clashes of civilizations based on the religious and cultural distinctions.

33.

Literature and references:
Lazkov G, Umralina A. (2015). Endemic and rare plants and species in
Kyrgyzstan.B.
Climate profile of the Kyrgyz Republic – Sh. Ilyasov, O. Zabenko, N.
Gaydamak, A. Kirilenko, N. Myrsaliev,V. Shevchenko, L. Penkina. B.2013 – 99 pages.
Bregel, Y. (2003). A Historical Atlas of Central Asia. Bloomington:
Indiana University Press.
Osmonov O., Turdalieva Ch (2016) History of Kyrgyzstan, pp.3-15.
The New Silk Road, part 2: From Kyrgyzstan to Duisburg | DW
Documentary Film, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QyeBxcvUJI
Global warming
https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/GlobalWarming/page2.p
hp
Climate change https://www.climaterealityproject.org/blog/howclimate-change-affecting-our-lives
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_Development_Goals