Introduction to Engineering Drawing

1. Introduction to Engineering Drawing.

2. Drawings definition

Drawing graphic communication
A drawing is a graphic representation of an object
(building, equipment, machine and etc.), or a part of it (unit,
detail).
Drawings, photographs, slides, transparencies, and
sketches are all forms of graphic communication.

3. Types of drawing

There are two basic types of drawings:
Artistic
Artistic drawings are used to express the
feelings, beliefs, philosophies, and ideas of
the artist
Technical drawings
Technical drawing is a means of
clearly and concisely communicating
all of the information to transform an
idea into reality

4. Drawing equipment and tools

1) DRAWING PAPER is the sheet of paper, on which drawing is to be ma
The ISO most recommended paper sizes for technical drawings are known as
A-FORMATS
A-Format designation
Dimension, mm
Surface area, m2
A0
1 189 x 841
1,000
A1
594 x 841
0,500
A2
594 x 420
0,250
A3
297 x 420
0,125
A4
297 x 210
0,062

5. Drawing equipment and tools

2) TITLE BLOCK, BORDERS AND FRAMES
Russian Standard Title block (First sheet)

6. Drawing equipment and tools

2) TITLE BLOCK, BORDERS AND FRAMES
Russian Standard Title block (for subsequent sheets)

7. Drawing equipment and tools

2) BORDERS AND FRAMES, AND LAYOUT
horizontal
vertical
Layout of sheet for engineering drawing

8. Drawing equipment and tools

3) TOOLS: triangles (setsquares)
30°
60°
45°
3) TOOLS: French curves
45°

9. Drawing equipment and tools

3) TOOLS: Protractor
3) TOOLS: Scales (rulers)

10. Drawing equipment and tools

3) TOOLS: Pencil
Recommended size of the lead
is 8-10 mm
Recommended direction of drawing
1) From left to right
2) From bottom to top
Hardness of pencil

11. Drawing equipment and tools

3) TOOLS: Compass
3) TOOLS: Template

12. Lettering

4) LETTERING
Lettering used on technical drawing written according to Russian standard 2.304-81.
The height h of the capital letter is taken as the base of dimensioning.
The lettering may be inclined 75° to the horizon or may be vertical.

13. Lettering

4) LETTERING
The two standard ratios for d/h, 1/14 (Type A) and 1/10 (Type B), are most
economical as they result in a minimum number of line thickness.
TYPE A

14. Lettering

4) LETTERING
The two standard ratios for d/h, 1/14 (Type A) and 1/10 (Type B), are most
economical as they result in a minimum number of line thickness.
TYPE B

15. Lettering

4) LETTERING
Numerical symbols
TYPE A
TYPE B

16. Types of the lines on drawings

17.

Computer-aided design uses computer systems to
design products and create the drawings needed for
the products to be manufactured.
Technology Interactions

18. Manual Drawing Vs CAD

19. What Is Computer-Aided Design?

CAD is the process of designing and
drafting on a computer.
CAD is quicker and more accurate.

20. CAD Advantages

Saves time
Is more accurate
Improves team communications

21. The CAD System

The computer is the main component. It has these subsystems:
Hardware
• Input devices, such as a keyboard and
mouse
• Output devices, such as a monitor and a
printer or plotter
Software

22. Two-Dimensional (2D) CAD

Can show only two dimensions of an
object:
• Width and length
• Width and height
• Length and height
Frequently being replaced by systems
that can do both 2D and 3D design.

23. Three-Dimensional (3D) CAD

Wireframe models resemble “stick
figures.”

24. Three-Dimensional (3D) CAD

Surface models can look like the shape
of the object.

25. Three-Dimensional (3D) CAD

Solid models show the shape, area, and
volume of an object.

26. Using 3D CAD

Mechanical design
CAD/CAM
Rapid prototyping
Architectural design

27. CAD/CAM

This process combines
computer-aided design and
computer-aided
manufacturing.

28. Rapid Prototyping

Uses CAD data to create physical
models for communicating ideas or to
test designs.

29.

Introduction to
AutoCAD Engineering Drawings

30. Introduction to CAD

AutoCAD2015 Free Trial
AutoCAD
One of the most well-known 2D CAD software
developed by Autodesk
Widely be used to output construction drawings for
civil engineering, architecture, and building services

31. Engineering Drawing Created by AutoCAD

32. Architecture Drawing Created by AutoCAD

33. Starting AutoCAD

Start up > Autodesk > AutoCAD Mechanical 2015 > AutoCAD 2015
Auto CAD 2015

34. User Interface (AutoCAD classic)

Menu Bar
Current File Name
Layers
Toolbar
(Icon)
Draw
Toolbar
User
Coordinate
System
(UCS)
Graphic
cursor
X, y, z coordinate system
Status Bar
Drawing Area
(Graphic Window)

35. AutoCAD User Interface

Tabs
Click here to expand panel
Tooltip

36. AutoCAD User Interface

Cursor
Dynamic Prompt
Length Dimension
Current Input Field
Angle Dimension

37.

Mouse Interface
Middle button
Scroll to zoom in
or zoom out
Left button
Click the specific
points and select
pull down menu
or graphic icon
(Selection)
Right button
Click to activate the
right click menu

38.

Keyboard Interface
Enter
Go to next step of command /
repeat last command
Spacebar
Go to next step of command /
repeat last command
Delete
To erase lines or
any sketches