Antarcticа

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Antarcticа

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Opening
Antarctica was discovered on January 16 (28),
1820 by a Russian expedition led by Thaddeus
Bellingshausen and Mikhail Lazarev, who came
to it on the sloops Vostok and Mirny. It was the
expedition of Bellingshausen and Lazarev in the
South polar seas, circumnavigating the
Antarctic ice around the world, that confirmed
the existence of the sixth continent

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Antarctica is a continent located in the very
South of the Earth. The continent of Antarctica
with an area of approx. 14 million square km the world's largest cold desert, where about 70%
of the world's fresh water reserves are
concentrated, but all of it is frozen in a huge ice
sheet.

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Antarctica is an icy continent with
approximately 30 million km3 of ice, or 90% of all
land ice. The average ice thickness is 2500-2800
m, and the maximum in some areas of East
Antarctica is 4800 m. The highest elevation of
the ice surface in East Antarctica exceeds 4,100
m above sea level. Only 2% of the territory of
Antarctica is free of ice - mainly in the Western
part of the continent and the Transantarctic
mountains

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Climate
Antarctica is the most severe climatic region of
the Earth with low air temperatures, strong winds,
snowstorms and fog. The mainland and nearby
Islands are covered by glaciation. The highest
recorded temperature is +18.3 °C, the
temperature recorded by Argentine scientists at
the Esperanza military base on February 6, 2020,
the lowest — -91.2 °C

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Population
Antarctica is the most isolated and only
continent without an indigenous population. In
summer, the number of temporary residents is
probably about 4000 people, in winter-1500
people. No one has ever lived here longer than
18 months

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Antarctic Fauna
The fauna of Antarctica is represented by
individual species of invertebrates, birds, and
mammals. Currently, at least 70 species of
invertebrates have been found in Antarctica,
and four species of penguins nest.

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Adele's Penguins

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Chin strap

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Leopard seals

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Sea elephants

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Snow petrels

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King of the penguins

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Emperor penguins

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Orca

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Wandering Albatross

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Blue whale

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The greatest danger to animals are people who
mercilessly kill penguins, whales, seals for food .
To save these animals it is necessary to
completely ban hunting on this continent and
catch poachers. Reduce the arrival of tourists.