Anatomy, phtsiology & hystology of the skin

1.

► Ministry
of Health Protection of
the Ukraine
► Zaporozhye state medical
university
► Department of skin and venereal
diseases
► Anatomy,
phtsiology & hystology of
the skin.
► Primary & secondary morphological
elements
► Zaporozhye 2016

2. The Skin

► Hypodermis
(subcutaneous fatty
tissue)
► Dermis the true skin
► Epidermis

3. Anatomy, phtsiology & hystology of the skin.

Anatomy, phtsiology &
hystology of the skin.
I – Epidermis
II- Dermis
III - Hypodermis

4. Epidermis

Stratum basale - Germinatinne layer
Stratum spinosum - Prikle – cell layer
Stratum granulosum - Granular layer
Stratum lucidum - lucid layer
Stratum corneum - Horny layer

5. Epidermis

► 1.Stratum
basale (germinative layer)
► Keratinoblastis (1 layer, like a polisade).
► Melanoblastis (their ratio is 1:11 to
keratinoblastis).
► young cells, are devided by mitosis, and form all
the structures of epidermis.
► Melanin is formed in the melanoblastis and
protects the skin from ultraviolet rays.

6. Epidermis

► 2.
Stratum spinosum (pricle-cell layer)
► Dendritic epidermocytis (5-7 layers)
► Langhan’s cells
► Hrenstayin’s cells
► 3. Stratum granulosum (granular layer)
► 1-2 layers of elongated cells. There are
keratohyalinis granuls in the protoplasm of these
cells.

7. Epidermis

► 4.
Stratum lucidum (lucid layer)
► These cells contain eleidin. Str. lucidum
contains glycogens, lipoids, fatty acids.
► 5. Stratum corneum (horny layer)
► It is composed of fine, anuclear keratinised
elongated cells containing keratin.

8. Dermis (the true skin)  

Dermis
(the true skin)
► Structural
amorphous interstitial substance:
► collagenous fibres
► elastics fibres
► argyrophile fibres
► vessels
► nerves an nerve endings

9. Dermis (the true skin)

► True
homogeneous membrane
► Lipoids
► Mucopolysaccharides (mainly, hyaluronic
and chondroitin – sulfuric acids)
► Albuminis
► Water

10. Dermis (the true skin)

► Cells
structure
► Fibroblasts
► Histiocytes
► Lymphocytes
► Mast cells
► Plasma cells
► Melanophages
► Epithelial appendages of the skin

11. Protective (barrier) functions of the skin

► Protects
the organism from the
damaging effect of sun rays
► Physiology desquamation
► Protect the underlying tissue from
drying
► Homogeneous tightness of substanal
protects from mechanical effects
(blows, friction, compression)

12. Protective (barrier) functions of the skin

► An
acid (pH5.0-6,0) water-lipid mantle
which attenuatus or neutralizis the
damaging effect of chemical substances.
► Bactericidal properties of sweat (lisocini)
and sebum (squaleni)
► Immynological function. Skin associated
limphoid tissue. Salt
► Resistance to electric current

13. Hystology of the skin

14. Hystology of the skin

15. Hystology of the skin

16. Hystology of the skin

17.

18.

19. Primary morphological lesion

spot
Wheal
(urtica)
spot
papula
spot
Tubercle
(tuberculum)

20. Primary morphological lesion

Nodule
(nodus)
Pustule
(pustula)
Vesicle
(vesicula)
Phlyctena
Blister
(bulla)
Staphyloccal
impetigo

21. Secondary morphological lesion

hyperpigmentation
erozion
hypopigmentation
ulcer
sqale
fissura

22. Secondary morphological lesion

crust
crust
scar
vegetatio
crust
lichenificatio

23. Thank you for attention