Peter the great rule

1.

PETER THE GREAT
RULE
Presented by Abdel Ilah and Ammar Dahouk.

2.

PLANE
Background of Peter the Great
Early Reign
The Great Nothern War
Saint Petersburg
Reforms in Russia
Effects of Peters Reforms
Questions

3.

BACKGROUND OF PETER
THE GREAT.
Peter reign was from May 7th 1682 to November 2nd 1721. He coreined with
his half-brother Ivan V from 1682-1696 when Ivan died.
Emperor of all Russia,Sovereign,he was the Great Father of his Country
.Emperor of the East and Tsar by the Archbishop of Pskov in 1721.
On February 8,1725.He was fifty-two years,seven months old when he died,
having reigned forty-two years.

4.

EARLY REIGN.
Peter wanted to modernize Russia and also make it a military
power.Peter made his military power know by brutally
suppressing any and all rebellions against his
authority:Streltsy,Bashkirs ,Astrakhan and the greatest civil
uprising of his reign, the Bulavin Rebellion.

5.

EARLY REIGN.
He also wanted to improve Russia’s positions on the seas.
Peterattempted to acquire control of the Black Sea; to do so he
wouldhave to expel the Tatars from the surrounding areas.

6.

EARLY REIGN.
In 1695 Peter organized the Azov campaigns to take the fortress,but
his attempts failed. Peter returned to Moscow in Novemberof that
year and began building a large navy.

7.

EARLY REIGN.
He launched about thirty ships against the Ottomans in
1696,capturing Azov in July of that year. On September 12, 1698,
Peterofficially founded the first Russian Navy base, Taganrog.

8.

THE GREAT NOTHERN WAR.
Peter made a temporary peace with the Ottoman Empire that allowed him to keep the captured fort
of Azov, and turned his attention to Russian sea/port supremacy. He sought to acquire control of the
Baltic Sea, which had been taken by the Swedish Empire. Peter declared war on Sweden, which was at
the time led by King Charles XII. • Russia was ill-prepared to fight the Swedes, and their first attempt
at seizing the Baltic coast ended in disaster at the Battle of Narva in 1700. In the conflict, the forces
of Charles XII used a blinding snowstorm to their advantage. After the battle, Charles XII decided to
concentrate his forces against the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, which gave Peter time to
reorganize the Russian army. • Charles XII invaded Russia in 1708. After crossing into Russia, Charles
defeated Peter at Golovchin. In the Battle of Lesnaya, Charles suffered his first loss after Peter
crushed a group of Swedish reinforcements marching from Riga. Deprived of this aid, Charles was
forced to abandon his proposed march on Moscow.

9.

SAINT PETERSBURG.
After the Great Northern War, Peter retained some Finnish lands close to Saint Petersburg, which he had made
his capital in 1712. • All building had to conform strictly to detailed architectural regulations set down by the
government. Each social group was also to live in a certain section of the town. • Peasants were drafted just like
the army to build the city. Every 10 to 15 peasant household families had to provided 1 worker every summer.
And they had to pay a special tax in order to feed that worker. • Nobles were also drafted. They lived in St.
Petersburg most of the year. The more serfs that noble possessed, the bigger their house had to be. • These
nobles and merchants were than required to pay for the city’s avenues, parks, canals, embankments, pilings, and
bridges. • The building of the city was a direct levied tax on the wealthy, which in turn forced the peasantry to
do most of the work. • In 1725 construction of Peterhof, a palace near Saint Petersburg, was completed.
Peterhof was a grand residence, becoming known as the "Russian Versailles"

10.

REFORMS IN RUSSIA.
During Peter's reign the Russian Orthodox Church was reformed. The traditional leader of the Church was the
Patriarch of Moscow. • In 1700, when the office fell vacant, Peter refused to name a replacement, allowing the
Patriarch's deputy to discharge the duties of the office. • In 1721 Peter created the Holy Synod, a council of ten
clergymen, to take the place of the Patriarch and deputy. • Peter implemented a law that said that no Russian
man could join a monastery before the age of 50. He felt that too many able Russian men were being wasted on
clerical work when they could be joining his new and improved army. There were very few men who became
monks during Peter's reign, much to the dismay of the Russian Church. • In 1722 Peter created a new order of
precedence known as the Table of Ranks. Formerly, precedence had been determined by birth. To deprive the
Boyars of their high positions, Peter directed that precedence should be determined by merit and service to the
Emperor. The Table of Ranks continued to remain in effect until the Russian monarchy was overthrown in
1917.

11.

EFFECTS OF PETERS
REFORMS.
• Many westerners and western ideas flowed into Russia because of Peter’s desire to use
modern technology to strengthen the army. • A new class of educated Russians began
to emerge. • The split between the enserfed peasantry and the educated nobility
widened. • His developments paved the way for Russia to move closer to the European
mainstream in its thought and institutions during the Enlightenment, especially under
Catherine the Great

12.

QUESTIONS.
When are Peter become the king?
.1
.2
What are the battle present in the Nothern War? .3
What are the maine action in the early reign?
What are the changes of SAINT PETERSBURG andRUSSIA in this century?
What are the effects of Peters reforms?
.5
.4

13.

The end.