Страдательный (пассивный) залог глаголов. The Passive Voice

1.

Страдательный (пассивный) залог
глаголов.
The Passive Voice.

2.

активный залог
подлежащее производит
действие, т. е. является
действующим лицом в
предложении
страдательный –
пассивный залог
подлежащее не
производит
действие,
т. е. не является
действующим
лицом в
предложении

3.

Катя послала письмо на прошлой
неделе. (Катя сама выполнила
действие - активный залог).
Kate sent a letter last week.
(Active Voice)

4.

Письмо было послано Катей на
прошлой неделе. (Письмо не само
отправило себя - пассивный залог).
The letter was sent by Kate last
week.
(Passive Voice)

5.

Образование пассивного залога
to be + Vз (ed)

6.

Present Simple
Present Continuous
Past Simple
Past Continuous
Present Perfect Simple
Past Perfect
Future Simple
Modal verbs
am / is / are V₃ (ed)
am / is / are being V₃ (ed)
was / were V₃ (ed)
was / were being V₃ (ed)
have / has V₃ (ed)
had been V₃ (ed)
will be V₃ (ed)
can
must
be V₃ (ed)
may

7.

Active
Tom
broke the window.
подлежащее сказуемое
дополнение
Passive
The window was broken by Tom.
подлежащее
сказуемое
дополнение

8.

В страдательном залоге, чтобы
сказать кем или с помощью чего было
совершено действие используются
предлоги:
By – кем-то;
With – с помощью чего-то.

9.

Много работы было дано нам
нашим учителем.
A lot of homework was given to
us by our teacher.

10.

Облака двигаются с помощью
ветра.
Clouds are moved by / with the
wind.

11.

SIMPLE
PRESENT
PAST
FUTURE
PROGRESSIVE
PERFECT
Everyday, always
often, usually.
am
is
V3
are
Now, at the
moment
am being
is being
V3
are being
Just, already, ever,
never, today, this
year, yet.
have been
V3
has been
Yesterday, last
week, last year,
last month.
was
V3
were
At that moment
yesterday
was being
V3
were being
By
Tomorrow, next
week, next month,
next year.
will be V3
had been V3
will have been V3