Academic english

1. ACADEMIC ENGLISH

Referencing
Critical Thinking
Organisation
Academic
Style
ACADEMIC ENGLISH
M.Solnyshkina

2. Is this academic style?

These days a lot of kids start school early. Years
ago, everybody began at 5, but now it’s normal to
start at 4 – or even younger! Why? One thing is
that mums gotta get back to work. Bob Jenkins has
studied this and says that early schooling causes
stuff like stealing,(воровство) drug(наркомания)
abuse etc. He’s right – we should pay mums to stay
at home.

3. Academic Style is…

Impersonal (безличный)
Precise(точный)
Cautious (острожный)
Formal (официальный)
Noun-focused (ориентировано на существительные)

4. Impersonal

General English
I heated the
apparatus.
In my opinion, the
results do not justify a
further investigation.
результаты не
оправдывают дальнейшее
расследование
Sadly, crime is
increasing К сожалению,
преступность растет
Academic English
The apparatus was
heated.
The results do not
appear to justify a
further investigation.
Significantly, crime is
increasing

5. Precise точный

General English
Academic English
Hundreds of tests have
been done Сотни тестов
было сделано
Speculators buy and
sell money
Everybody knows that
dogs chase cats гоняют
кошек
About three hundred
tests have been done
Speculators buy and
sell currencies валюту
It is widely understood
that dogs chase cats
Широко известно, что

6. Cautious осторожный

General English
Crime increases during
periods of economic
growth Преступность
возрастает в периоды
экономического роста
Crime will never be
eradicated ликвидирована
Education reduces
crimeОбразование снижает
уровень преступности
Academic English
Crime sometimes
increases during
periods of economic
growth
Crime may never be
eradicated
Education tends to
reduce crime образование
имеет тенденцию к снижению
преступности

7. Formal официальный

General Word list
Way
Opinion
Carry out
‘cos of
Academic Word List
approach, подход
method
view, evaluation оценка
Implement выполнять
Due to, owing to Из-за,
вследствие

8. The Academic Word List ориентировано на существительные

The Academic Word List
существительные
ориентировано на

9. Formal

General English
It isn’t easy to negotiate a
reduction. не так легко
Academic English
договориться о сокращении
Nanotechnology is gonna
be one of the key things
for research. Нанотехнологии
будут одни из ключевых вещей для
исследования
The first step was easy –
just introduce ввести the
titrate slowly.
Fleming did not intend не
намерен to discover
penecillin!
It is not easy to negotiate a
reduction.
Nanotechnology is going to be
one of the key areas for
research.
The first step was easy; the
titrate was introduced slowly.
Surprisingly, удивительно Fleming
did not intend to discover
penecillin.

10. Noun-focused

General English
The government
decided to investigate.
Academic English
Провести расследование
The numbers grew
remarkably quickly.
Численность выросла удивительно
быстро.
A government
investigation was
started.Правительственное
расследование было начато
There was a
remarkable growth in
the numbers. Произошел
заметный рост численности.

11. Exercise

Write the text in a more academic style
These
days a lot of kids start school early. Years ago,
everybody began at 5, but now it’s normal to start at 4
– or even younger! Why? One thing is that mum’s gotta
get back to work. Bob Jenkins has studied this and says
that early schooling causes stuff like stealing, drug
abuse etc. He’s right – we should pay mums to stay at
home.

12. Exercise

These days many children start school at a very young
age. Up until the 1990s it was most common to begin at
age five, but more recently there have been many
cases where school is started at age four or younger
(Jenkins (2007). Вплоть до 1990-х годов он был наиболее распространенным для
начала в пятилетнем возрасте, но в последнее время было много случаев, когда школа
началась в возрасте четырех лет и младше There are many reasons why
this might happen; one factor is that it may be
necessary for mothers to return to work for financial
reasons. Nevertheless, it seems that early schooling may
cause social problems such as stealing and drug abuse
(Jenkins 2007). Тем не менее, кажется, что раннее приучение может вызвать социальные
проблемы, такие как воровство и злоупотребление наркотиками In fact, there is
considerable evidence to support the idea of a state
subsidy for mothers who stay at home. В действительности,
существуют значительные доказательства, чтобы поддержать идею государственной
субсидии для матерей, которые остаются дома.

13. The In-Sessional Programme

Academic English Lecture Series
Style
Organisation
Referencing
Critical
Thinking

14. Resources

Bailey. S (2003) “Academic Writing” 3rd Edition
The Academic Word List
e.g.
http://www.uefap.com/vocab/select/awl.htm

15. References

Biber, D. (1988) “Variation across speech and
writing” (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge)
Douglas SPACK, R. (1988), Initiating ESL Students
Into the Academic Discourse Community: How Far
Should We Go? TESOL Quarterly, 22: 29–51.
Hyland, Ken and Polly Tse Metadiscourse in
Academic Writing: A Reappraisal Applied Linguistics
(2004) 25 (2): 156-177