Victorian Era (1837-1901)

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Generations Quiz

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•What do you know about Victorian Era?
•Why was it so called and when it ended?
•What fashion and music was popular?
•What were the usual professions for the
most people?

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•What events have shaped the life of the
Lost Generation youth in 1901-1920?
•What people or events do you remember
from this period?
•What fashion and music was popular?
•What were the usual professions for the
most people?

11.

How has each of these events
affected the Lost Generation and the
ones after it?

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1900 - Max Planck develops Quantum Theory

13.

1900 Eastman Kodak Company starts selling $1
cheap point and click cameras - Brownies

14.

1900 - Sigmund Freud
publishes
“The Interpretation of
Dreams”

15.

1901 - First Nobel Prize was awarded by Nobel’s
Fund, 5 years after his death

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December 17, 1903 – first flight of Wright Brothers

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1903 - First Silent Movie: The Great Train Robbery –
created by Edwin S. Porter (Thomas Edison Co)

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1903 – Morris Michtom creates Teddy’s Bear – as a
political mascot for Theodore Roosevelt

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1904 - Mary McLeod Bethune opens the first
industrial school for colored men and women Daytona Normal and Industrial Institute

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1905 - Freud publishes
“Theory of Sexuality”

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Henri Matisse, André Derain and other artists shared
their first (of three in total) exhibition at the 1905 Salon
d'Automne, presenting Fauvism as an art style

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1906 - Einstein proposes his Special Theory of
Relativity

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1906 - Teddy Roosevelt tries to simplify spelling of
300 English words to make English easier to learn
and read
Enuf, tho, fantasy, plow, honor, center,
rhyme/rime, blest/blessed

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1907 - First Electric Washing Machine

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1907 - Ten Rules of War Established at the
Second Hague Peace Conference, which
regulated:
•The sequences of starting and ending the
conflict and the rights of those participating
•Rights of the prisoners of war
•Duties and rights of neutral parties
•Prohibited a list of weapons as unnecessarily
traumatizing (light land mines).

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1907 - Typhoid Mary was
tracked down

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1907 - Leo Baekeland invents plastic

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1907 Pablo Picasso's Les Demoiselles d'Avignon
gives birth
to Cubism

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1908 – Ford introduces $850 Model T (average
annual income was $500)

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1911 - Ernest Rutherford discovers the structure of
atom

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1912 – Titanic sank

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1913 - The First Crossword Puzzle by Arthur
Wynne is published

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1913 - first Assembly Line for the Ford cars
Production time of 1
car dropped from 12
hours to 93 minutes

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1913 – USA introduces Permanent Income Tax
- person pays a portion of his income, depending on the
amount of income
- Before: Only people making over $600 a year were taxed
- Even earlier: Tariffs – taxes on imported goods
- Excise taxes – taxes on purchase of specific goods
(tobacco, alcohol, gambling) ~regressive tax

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1914 – Charlie Chaplin first appears in Little
Tramp

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1916 - Tristan Tzara founds Dadaism as an international
anti-aesthetical movement, inspired by the WW-I and its
rational cruelty, silently supported by the masses.
Dadaism stands for irrational chaos, cynical attitude to
arts and culture, a protest "against this world of mutual
destruction”.
Dadaists wanted to create a tabula rasa – erase the
modern culture to build the new, humanist one on the
top of it

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April 30, 1916 – first Daylight Saving Time implemented
Spring forward and Fall back – easy ways to remember

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1916 - Margaret Sanger
opened the first birth control
clinic in NYC and gets jailed

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1916 – first Self-Service Grocery Store

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January 1918 - The first Spanish Flu outbreak starts in Kansas
It lasts for 2 years, has three waves and kills from 50 to 100
million people, around 5% world population
Its severity is believed to be connected to worldwide Aspirin
poisoning.
Which was connected to mass sales of expired Bayer aspirin all
over the world (and aspirin was more or less the only drug back
then).
Also the routine life during the war took its toll – and third wave
started with happy kisses and hugs when soldiers finally got
home after war.

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Cultural Icon

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•He was born in 1835 to the family of Scottish
immigrants who settled in the USA.
•Since 13 he worked at a cotton mill, then
telegraph and then railroads.
•During Civil War of 1861 he kept his railroad
and telegraph station run and eventually
bought them out

48.

After the Civil War he purchases his
first steel plant, then his bridge
company and eventually builds the
largest Steel Empire in the world
He was the richest person of his time
and inspired the image of Scrooge
McDuck

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Over his life (but mostly in 20th century) he
spent 13 700 000 000 dollars (in modern
money) on charity, science funding, opening
public libraries, universities and art. It was 90%
of his total capital.
His charity funds and philanthropist image has
given the face to modern charity and inspired
generations of people to follow his example

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A Music Hall founded and named by him

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Andrew Carnegie

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•Have you ever dreamed to be as rich as
Carnegie?
•How would you spend the money if you
had so much?
•What other (crazy and not) billionaires
do you know?

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•Why do you think the rich people spend
money for charity?
•What other people who devoted their
life or most of the money to the charity
do you know?
•Do you think Andrew Carnegie is a
binding role model for a successful
businessmen?

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Invention of the century

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•He was born on a farm in Scotland in 1881
•Fought in World War I as a captain in the Royal
Army Medical Corps
•Was knighted for his achievement in medicine
made back in 1928, which saved billions of
lives

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•There is a popular urban legend that he
saved Winston Churchill’s life in WW-2
(in 1943)
•There is another popular urban legend
that his father saved the same Winston
Churchill and this way won a free
education for his son

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•What did people use before antibiotics
to cure the illnesses?
•Have you ever tried any folk medicine
recipe or treatment? Did it work?
•Do you prefer pills or folk medicine these
days, why?

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•What medications do you use?
•Do you ever use penicillin, why?
•What other important medical
inventions do you know?

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Cultural Icon

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•She was born in 1876 to the family of
a hat trader in Netherlands
•She dreamed to become a
kindergarten teacher and even
started to study for it, but never
finished

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•She got married in 1895 through a
newspaper ‘Wife needed’ column
•Her husband was a Dutch Army
Captain called Rudolf MacLeod from
Skye MacLeods.

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•After divorce she went to work to
Paris circus as horse rider and
eventually as an exotic dancer and
model for artists
•Her stage name (the one you know
her by) means “Eye of the Day”

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•She became a dancing icon by the
time when in 1915 she stopped her
career as a dancer and remained a
top-class courtesan
•She was executed by the French
army for being a German spy in 1917

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•Her body and head separately was
embalmed and stored in Museum of
Anatomy, Paris, but both were stolen
around 1954.

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•Margaretha Geertruida Zelle
aka Mata Hari

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•Have you ever dreamed of becoming a
spy?
•Is it normal these days to get acquainted
through newspaper column?
•Have you ever wanted to run away with
the circus? Why?

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•How do you think the image of Mata Hari
th
has influenced the culture of 20
century?
•Would you call her Femme Fatale, why?
•Why would anyone steal the bodies of
people like Hari and Lincoln?