Edward I Longshanks, the Hammer of the Scots

1. Edward I Longshanks, the Hammer of the Scots

17/18 June 1239 – 7 July 1307

2. Main Dates

• 1254 – marriage with Eleanor of Castile;
• August 1265 - the Battle of Evesham;
• 1270 – joined the Eighth Crusade;
• 16 November 1272 – death of Henry III,
beginning of Edward I reign;
• 19 August 1274 – coronation;
• 1277 – invasion in Wales, defeat of Llywelyn
ap Gruffudd, Treaty of Aberconwy;
• 1282 - rebellion by Llywelyn's brother Dafydd;
• 11 December 1282 - Battle of Orewin Bridge,
defeat for the Welsh, end for the
independence of Wales.

3. The Great Cause, Competitors for the Crown of Scotland

• Autumn 1290 – death of Margaret, the Maid of
Norway;
• 17 November 1292 - John Balliol chosen as an heir;
• 1295 – Alliance between Scotland and France
• 1296 –Battle of Dunbar, Edward`s successful invasion
in Scotland, William Wallace`s death;
Results:
• Edward confiscated the Stone of Destiny (the
Scottish coronation stone), brought it to
Westminster placing it in what became known
as King Edward's Chair;
• He installed Englishmen to govern the country.

4. Return to Scotland

• 25 March 1306 – Robert the
Bruce crowned as King of
Scotland;
• 16 June 1306 – The Battle of
Methven, English victory;
• May 1307 - The Battle of
Loudoun Hill, Scottish victory;
• 7 July 1307 - Edward I`s death.
Robert I, King of Scots

5. Domestic Policy

• 1290 – Edict of Jew Expulsion;
• First real Parliament:
First appearance of House of Commons;
Mixture of “gentry” (knights, freemen);
Provided money for the Crown;
Representatives from each shire;
Became necessary for the making of all
statues, all special taxes.

6. Thank you for your attention

Presentation by:
D. Savintseva 23804-1
A. Tumakova 23804-2