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English and american literature
1. English and American LITERATURE
Teacher Duka Maria Vladimirovna2. 2. English Literature
1. Introductory Course.The Theory of Literature
2. English Literature
3. American Literature
3. To introduce students to a variety of literary works
Formal GOALTo introduce students to a variety of literary
works
To help students to learn to read literary works
closely, looking at both their form and content
and their (historical , cultural and social
contexts)
4. To define worthwhile literary works/ literature
Informal GOALTo define worthwhile literary works/ literature
5. worthwhile vs. worthless
6. creates a lasting impression
worthwhile literaturecreates a lasting impression
may be provocative, beautiful,
uncanny, meaningful,
reverberating long after
the reading ends
7. leaves your head the moment you finish it
worthless literatureleaves your head the moment you finish it
once you finish reading
immediately start thinking about
more important things
8. stretches the readers’ imagination
worthwhile literaturestretches the readers’ imagination
We like to use our imagination!
9. does not stretch your imagination
worthless literaturedoes not stretch your imagination
predictable, stale,
easily anticipated, nothing new.
10. presents an aesthetically pleasing experience
worthwhile literaturepresents an aesthetically pleasing experience
We may be stunned by the work’s
“beauty”, its handsome language
and interesting structure
11. does not strike the reader as beautiful in any way
worthless literaturedoes not strike the reader as beautiful in
any way
12. worthwhile vs. worthless
worthwhilea lasting
impression
worthless
Creates
Leaves
Stretches
Does
Presents
Does
the readers’
imagination
an aesthetically
pleasing experience
your head the
moment you stop reading
not stretch
imagination
not strike as beautiful
in any way
13.
Fiction14.
1. Plot2. Setting
3. Characterization
4. Theme
5. Point of View
6. Symbolism
7. Style
15.
1. Plot2. Setting
3. Characterization
4. Theme
5. Point of View
6. Symbolism
7. Style
16.
Plot refers to the sequence ofevents which give focus to a story
and which shape the action.
It is a plan which gives direction to
the story.
17.
Plot=
story line
=
plotline
=
narrative structure
18.
Plot is a guiding principle for theauthor and an ordering control for
the reader
19.
A plot in a story can take a numberof forms
1) traditional straightline plot
2) modern plot techniques
20.
Traditional straightline plotmoves chronologically from
beginning to end as things happen
one after another
21.
Traditional straightline plotPicture 1 Freytag's pyramid
22.
Modern plot techniqueswhich may move forward and back through the
storyline as a story progresses instead of
strictly from beginning to end
23.
Modern plot techniquesflashback
and
foreshadowing
24.
1. Plot2. Setting
3. Characterization
4. Theme
5. Point of View
6. Symbolism
7. Style
25.
Settingrefers to the where and the when of a literary work
time and place
!!!!!!! The setting provides the context of the story
26.
1. Plot2. Setting
3. Characterization
4. Theme
5. Point of View
6. Symbolism
7. Style
27.
Characterizationis the process by which a writer
brings the characters
in a story to life
28.
CharactersAccording to the number of traits
a character possesses
According to the development of these traits
in the process of a story
29.
According to the number of traitsa character possesses
flat
(can be summed up by one or two traits
and a brief sentence
round
(are many-sided, with conflicting
impulses and many traits – both good
and bad)
30.
According to the development ofcharacters in the process of a story
static
(remaining the same throughout the whole
story)
dynamic
(growing and changing in the course of
the story)
31.
1. Plot2. Setting
3. Characterization
4. Theme
5. Point of View
6. Symbolism
7. Style
32.
Themeis its meaning, its central insight,
concept, controlling idea
33.
1. Plot2. Setting
3. Characterization
4. Theme
5. Point of View
6. Symbolism
7. Style
34.
Point of Viewis the way a story is told
the perspective / angle of vision
from which the events are narrated
35.
sometimes the author tells the storysometimes the characters do
sometimes the narrator knows all
about everything
sometimes the narrator is limited
in her/his knowledge
36.
?Who is telling the story?
How much is the character able
to know?
37.
most intimate1st person narrator
3rd person narrator
omniscient narrator
objective narrator
most removed
38.
1st person narrator - “I”the author writes from inside of the
characters as a participant in the story
(we know and see everything this
one character knows and see)
39.
3rd person narrator - “s/he”the author becomes a non-participant,
moving to the side of and seeing into only
one character
(it’s as if the writer is sitting on the shoulder
of one character- his vision is limited to just
What that character knows and sees)
40.
omniscient narratorthe author is a non-participant again,
but is able to see into and have unlimited
knowledge about any or all of the characters
(the author can roam anywhere, see anything,
and comment and interpret events at will)
41.
objective narratorthe author writes from the
objective perspective
(the writer disappears entirely and becomes
a spectator)
42.
1. Plot2. Setting
3. Characterization
4. Theme
5. Point of View
6. Symbolism
7. Style
43.
A symbola sign, an image, an object
(something concrete)
which represents an idea, a concept
(something abstract)
44.
Traditional symbols45.
Literary symbols46.
Poetry47.
Poets try to say the mostin the fewest words
(S.Lyne)
48.
Poetry is different from two otherliterary genres because of its
compression of thought, its conventions
of meter and rhythm, reliance on the
line as a formal unit, and its emphasis
on sound.