Monuments to Cultural figures of Stavropol region

1. Monuments to Cultural figures of Stavropol region

Solod Vladislav, 9 «А»
School № 28, Pyatigorsk
Teachers: Skotnikova E.V.
Volkovaya E.V.

2.

SOLZHENITSYN А.I.
Aleksandr Isayevich Solzhenitsyn
was a Russian novelist, historian, and
short story writer. He was an
outspoken critic of the Soviet Union
and its totalitarianism and helped to
raise global awareness of its Gulag
forced labor camp system.
Solzhenitsyn was born 11 December
1918 in Kislovodsk (Stavropol Krai).
His mother, Taisiya Solzhenitsyn was
Ukrainian. Her father had risen from
humble beginnings to become a
wealthy landowner, acquiring a large
estate in the Kuban region in the
northern foothills of the Caucasus.

3.

During
the
war
(1941-1945)
Solzhenitsyn
served
as
the
commander of a sound-ranging
battery in the Red Army, was
involved in major action at the front,
and twice decorated. A series of
writings published late in his life,
including the early uncompleted
novel
Love
the
Revolution!,
chronicles his wartime experience
and his growing doubts about the
moral foundations of the Soviet
regime.
In February 1945 Solzhenitsyn was
arrested for writing derogatory
comments in private letters to a
friend about the conduct of the war
by Joseph Stalin.

4.

He
was
accused
of
anti-Soviet
propaganda. Solzhenitsyn was taken to the
Lubyanka prison in Moscow. On 7 July
1945, he was sentenced in his absence to
an eight-year term in a labour camp. The
first part of Solzhenitsyn's sentence was
served in several different work camps; the
"middle phase," as he later referred to it,
was spent in a sharashka.
In 1950, he was sent to a "Special Camp" for
political prisoners in the town of Ekibastuz in
Kazakhstan. His experiences at Ekibastuz
formed the basis for the book One Day in the
Life of Ivan Denisovich.
3 February 1956 Solzhenitsyn was freed
from exile and exonerated.

5.

In 1969 Solzhenitsyn was expelled from the Union of Writers. In 1970,
he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.
The Gulag Archipelago was composed
during 1958–67. This work was a threevolume, seven part work on the Soviet
prison camp system. The Gulag
Archipelago has sold over thirty million
copies in thirty-five languages.

6.

On 12 February 1974, Solzhenitsyn was arrested and deported the next
day from the Soviet Union to Frankfurt, West Germany and stripped of
his Soviet citizenship.
Over the next 17 years, Solzhenitsyn worked on his dramatized history
of the Russian Revolution of 1917, The Red Wheel. By 1992, four parts
had been completed and he had also written several shorter works.
In 1990, his Soviet citizenship was restored, and, in 1994, he returned to
Russia.
After returning to Russia
in 1994, Solzhenitsyn
published eight two-part
short stories, a series of
contemplative
"miniatures" or prose
poems, a literary memoir
on his years in the West,
among
many
other
writings.

7.

Solzhenitsyn died of heart failure near Moscow on 3 August
2008, at the age of 89. He was buried the same day at the place
chosen by him in the monastery's cemetery.
The memory of the native and honorary citizen of the city of
Kislovodsk, Solzhenitsyn keeps the house of his aunt M.Z.
Gorina, where the future writer lived in 1920-1924 years.

8.

House of Gorin architecturally is very unusual for Kislovodsk.
The first floor of the brick, and the second - a log; with a turret,
windows in the form of lancet arches, carved wooden balconies,
openwork wooden carvings.
Alexander Solzhenitsyn lived with her mother in this house
until 1924. Then we moved to Rostov.
Gorina's Villa - house in the center of Kislovodsk - it's the only
building that survived in the hometown of the writer.

9.

In 2008, by decree of the Russian
President announced mansion object
of cultural heritage of federal
importance. On the 12 of December
in 2014 was opened and saved the
restored building of the twentieth
century, Information and Cultural
Center "Museum of Solzhenitsyn"
(ICC "Museum of Solzhenitsyn") is
located here.
Permanent exhibition of the museum
is connected with the Stavropol and
the early biography of Solzhenitsyn.
It talks about the formation of his personality in the years of
childhood and adolescence, the tragic events of the war, followed
by conclusions and the link to start writing - before the
publication in 1962, the novel "One Day of Ivan Denisovich",
which brought the author international recognition.

10.

GUBIN A. T.
Andrei Terent'evich Gubin was born
on the 17 of October in 1927 in the
family of the Terek Cossack village
Essentukskaya. Here, as well as in
the neighboring Kislovodsk, he spent
his childhood. Very early, at age 15,
he began his career: he was a
herdsman, blacksmith, fireman,
stoker on a steam train. Working ship
engineer on transport ships Riga
seaport, he graduated from high
school and began writing the first
verses of the sea.

11.

"For the Motherland" the first work by A. Gubin were published in
1951 in the newspaper. Later, his stories were published in the
magazine "October", "Change" and the anthology "Stavropol". In 1959
he graduated from the scriptwriting faculty of the All-Union State
Institute of Cinematography and began to live a literary work. In
memory of his mother, he took a piece of her maiden name – Tristan.

12.

Then he worked as a loader in Nakhodka, a stoker in a Moscow hotel,
spending all my free time for books in "Lenin Library". After
returning home, he became a typographical corrector "For the
Motherland" newspaper (Essentuki), and later - the literary staff of
this newspaper.

13.

The first collection of works by T. Gubin "Pallas Athena" was
released in 1966 in Stavropol. Roman "Milk of wolf" was
published in 1968 in "October" magazine, N 6, 7, in 1969, he
released a separate edition in Moscow, and in 1970 - in
Stavropol. In 1969, AT Gubin was admitted to the Union of
Soviet Writers.

14.

Above the main work of his
life - the novel "Milk of wolf" Andrei Terent'evich worked
for about 20 years. In it, he
reveals the pages of the past of
our land. The work covers
more than a hundred years of
life of the Terek Cossacks,
bright people's lives. This
novel was translated into
German and published by the
Berlin publishing house World
Literature in 1971.

15.

The last years of his life the
writer spent in Moscow,
without breaking the close
ties with his native city. The
writer died on March 6,
1992. On his grave a
monument, which depicts a
“Milk of wolf" book with
the inscription and knocked
out the words: "I have
dreams,
beautiful
as
childhood."

16.

Creativity Andrei Gubin is inextricably linked with the native
land. There are few masters of the word, who would be so
reverently praised his "small home". On the desktop, the writer
left 12 novels united by the common name of the series "12
stones in the Milky Way of the Universe." In 1995, one of three
Russian writers he was (posthumously) the winner of the
literary award of M. Sholokhov.

17.

After the death of the writer
streets, schools, libraries began
to carry his name in the cities
of KMV. In Essentukskaya
school N8 and N19 Kislovodsk
established museums. Name
Gubin is a library-branch N 4
Pyatigorsk CBS.
In 1997 the Government of the
region, the administration of
the CMS was announced
Gubin year.

18.

12 October 1994 supporting the wall near the pump-room New
source "Narzan" (Kislovodsk Resort Boulevard), a monument to
the writer-high relief, AT Opened Gubin. The author of this
high relief was Kislovodsk sculptor, Honored Artist of Russia,
honorary citizen of Kislovodsk Gurgen Varazdatovich
Kuregyan.

19.

"Human life - candle flame ..." - he wrote AT Gubin. The poet will live
while alive our memory of him. Andrei Gubin is no longer in the
visible world. But his unquenchable spiritual spark. His books. We,
the future of the region, should cherish the memory of our great
predecessors.

20. List of references and Internet resources

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8.
http://lib.kmv.ru/projects/litPyat/writers/gubin.htm
http://mcbs-blagodarnyi.ru/files/--.pdf
https://ru.wikipedia.org
http://solzhenitsyn.biografy.ru/
http://kislovodsk-cbs.ru/literaturnyj-kislovodsk/gubin-a
http://www.esmuseum.ru/essentuki/essentuchane/249andrej-gubin
http://stav-kr.ru/publ/1/2-1-0-170
http://krkrub.kubannet.ru/navig/page/69/message/282/