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medicine

Сестринский уход при заболеваниях щитовидной железы

1.

СЕСТРИНСКИЙ УХОД
ПРИ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯХ
ЩИТОВИДНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ
Выполнила: Рахимова А.Ш.
Проверила: Бикбулатова С.Ю.

Цели Исследования
1
2
3
4
5
Проанализировать научную разработанность темы исследования
Выяснить особенности строения и функции щитовидной железы
Изучить эндокринные заболевания
Определить роль медицинской сестры в уходе и поддержании пациента
Осветить аспекты взаимодействия с пациентом

3.

Анатомия щитовидной железы
Две доли,
соединенные узким
перешейком на
уровне 2-3 кольца
трахеи. Боковые доли
охватывают трахею.
У взрослого человека
железа весит 12-25
гр, каждая доля 2,5- 4
см в длину. Объём до
18 мл у женщин и до
25 мл у мужчин
считается
нормальным
Железа вырабатывает
тироксин и
трийодтиронин,
контролирующие обмен
веществ и энергии,
процессы роста,
созревания тканей и
органов. С-клетки
секретируют
кальцитонин.

4.

Tаблица
заболеваемости
Показатели для представителей разных возрастных групп населения:
дети, юноши, девушки, взрослые. По данным 2017 года наблюдается
тенденция к увеличению числа заболеваний эндокринной системы
среди взрослого населения (6701,8 обращений на 100000 человек).
Девушки
29,14%
2015
2016
2017
Взрослые
3,4
3,6
3,9
Дети
1,8
2,2
2,2
Юноши
4,5
4,4
4,6
Девушки
4,8
4,3
4,4
Взрослые
25,83%
Дети
14,57%
Юноши
30,46%

5.

Республика Башкортостан
55%
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6.

7.

Причины гипертиреоза
Инфекционные заболевания
Оперативные вмешательства
Черепно-мозговые травмы
Наследственность
Психические травмы

8.

Обследование щитовидной железы
Степень увеличения
ЩЖ
Щитовидная железа
увеличена, эластической
консистенции,
безболезненная, подвижная
при глотании.
При пальпации характерное
"жужжание" железы из-за
увеличенного
Визуально-пальпаторные
проявления
0
Железа не пальпируется
1
Прощупывается перешеек
2
Железа определяется
не
только при прощупывании, но
и при
осмотре во время
глотания
3
Железа видна не только при
глотании, наблюдается так
называемая «толстая шея»
4
Форма шеи резко изменена,
зоб ясно виден
5
Зоб достигает очень больших
размеров

9.

Симптомы Тиреотоксикоза
Поражение ССС
Тахикардия
Высокое давление
Дисгормональная
миокардиодистрофия
Недостаточность
кровообращения
Поражение ЦНС
Повышенная возбудимость
Понижение внимания
Плаксивость
Тремор
Потливость
Поражение
других. желез
Поражение
органов пищеварения
Нарушение функции
Надпочечников
Боли в животе
Дисфункция яичников
Рвота
Гинекомастия
Неустойчивый стул
Нарушение толератности Пожелтение кожи
к глюкозе
Глазные
симптомы
-Штельвага
-Грефе
-Кохера
- Дальримпля
-Жоффруа и пр.

10.

КТ и МРТ

11.

Патогенез Зоба
1
Дефицит
йода
2
Снижение
синтеза
гормонов
Т3, Т4
3
Повышение
образования
ТТГ гипофиза
4
5
Тиреотропная Компенсаторная
стимуляция
гиперплазия
ЩЖ
ЩЖ

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