The Gulf War: oil and transportation

1. The Gulf War: oil and transportation

T H E G U L F WA R :
OIL AND
T R A N S P O RTAT I O N
1990-1991
K SENIA
DIANA
SUM K INA
GO LUB ITSK AYA
CH RISTINA
M O NIK A
CH ERVO TK INA
O GANO SYAN

2. Geography

GEOGRAPHY
Located in Southwest Asia
Extension of the
Indian Ocean
Located between Iran
and the Arabian
Peninsula

3. К resources and significance

К
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
RESOURCES
AND
SIGNIFICANCE
- Сoastal areas are the world's largest single source of crude oil
(http://www.persianorarabiangulf.com/index.php?c_page=5)
- The Safaniya oil field is considered the largest offshore oil field in the world.
(https://www.dovregroup.com/news/safaniya-oil-field.html)
- Large gas finds and dominations of related industries
(https://www.dovregroup.com/news/safaniya-oil-field.html)
Conclusion: Because of its natural resources, access to the Persian Gulf has become the focus of
international tension, such as the 1990-1988 Iraq-Iran War and 1990-1991 Persian Gulf War.
(http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Persian_Gulf)

4. Safaniya oil field

SAFANIYA OIL FIELD

5. Countries ParticiPants

COUNTRIES
PA RT I C I PA N T S
Main Participants
Iraq(Saddam Hussein)
Kuwait(Emir of
Kuwait)
USA(George Bush)

6. Interests of the main members

INTERESTS OF THE MAIN MEMBERS
get large oil reserves
from Kuwait in case of
canceling a large debt
Iraq owed Kuwait;
expanding their power
in the region
(https://www.britannica.
com/event/Persian-GulfWar)
protection of SaudiArabia and Liberation
of Kuwait
(https://www.britannica.
com/event/Persian-GulfWar)
To be saved

7. COURSE OF THE WAR

C O U R S E O F T H E WA R
After Geneva Conference
(25July 1990) Hussein:
- delivered a speech in which he accused
neighboring nation Kuwait of siphoning
crude oil from the Ar-Rumaylah oil fields
located along their common border.
- insisted that Kuwait and Saudi Arabia
and cancel out $30 billion of Iraq’s foreign
debt, and accused them of conspiring to
keep oil prices low in an effort to pander to
Western oil-buying nations.
Two-thirds of the 21 members of the
Arab League condemned Iraq's act of
aggression, and Saudi Arabia's King
Fahd, along with Kuwait's governmentin-exile, turned to the United States and
other members of the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization support
(http://www.history.com/topics/persian-gulfwar)

8. Results of the war

RESULTS OF THE WAR
1) Iraq expelled from Kuwait
2) Kuwaiti monarchy restored
• 3) Destruction of Iraqi and Kuwaiti infrastructure
• 4) Saddam Hussein retains power
• 5) UN sanctions against Iraq maintained until 2003
• 6) United Nations Security Council Resolution 687 establishes cease-fire terms, beginning of the Iraq disarmament
controversies
• 7) Ecological Problems
http://www.reviewfund.com/article?sq=Fund&q=Gulf_War

9. The transport importance of the Persian Gulf

THE TRANSPORT IMPORTANCE OF THE PERSIAN GULF
Some 85%
of oil
extracted
here is
exported
Provide
20% of the
world oil
production
http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080
/01441649008716749
Supply about
40% of the
world's crude
oil exports
About 15% of
oil product
exports

10.

• Large gas finds have also been made, with
Qatar and Iran sharing a giant field across
the territorial median line (North Field in
the Qatari sector; South Pars Field in the
Iranian sector). Using this gas, Qatar has
built up a substantial liquefied natural
gas (LNG) and petrochemical industry.
• http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Persian
_Gulf

11. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/01441649008716749

H T T P : / / W W W. TA N D F O N L I N E
.COM/DOI/PDF/10.1080/0144
1649008716749
Petroleum is mainly loaded
onto tankers in the Gulf,
although some is pumped
through pipelines to ports on
the Mediterranean and Red
Seas.
Most of the oil is carried out
from the Gulf through the Strait
of Hormuz. The bulk of the
supply is directed towards
Western Europe and Japan.
The economic existence of
many states depends upon this
petroleum supply from the
Gulf.

12. FUNNY FACT

• After the USA set off to the operation
desert Shield in the Persian Gulf, an
unusual thing began in the US: yellow
ribbons tied around trees and various other
objects in public places. the yellow
sighified that servicemen off on a mission
were not forgotten and their homecoming
was waiting for them.

13. REFERENCES

• http://www.persianorarabiangulf.com/index.php?c_page=5
• https://www.dovregroup.com/news/safaniya-oil-field.html
• http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Persian_Gulf
• https://www.britannica.com/event/Persian-Gulf-War
• http://www.history.com/topics/persian-gulf-war
• http://www.history.com/topics/persian-gulf-war
• http://www.reviewfund.com/article?sq=Fund&q=Gulf_War
• http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/01441649008716749
• http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Persian_Gulf