New tendencies in english pronunciation

1. New Tendencies in English Pronunciation

Prof. Tatiana Levina
Vladimir State University
1

2. Groups of Changes

1. m nd - m nde
2. knight, knee
3. ME i: > NE a life
ME u > NE dull
4. OE [ ], [ð] – one phoneme
ME thigh [ a ] – thy [ða ]
5. adult [ æd lt]
ally [ æla ]
2

3. Vowel Changes

I. Isolated Changes
1. [ ]
k p b t
2. [ :]
l :
:t
3. [a ]
[ ] [ ] – a back element
4. The centripetal [ sentr pi:tl] tendency
[ ]
[e]
[ ]
[ ]
[bout] > [b t]
3

4. II.Combinative [kmbntv] changes

II.Combinative [ k mb n t v] changes
1. [ :] > [ ] before [f, s, ]
soft, often, cloth
2. [ju:] > [u:] preceded by [t , , r, l]
chew, June, rule, blue
after [s] suit [su:t, sju:t]
assume [ sju:m, - su:m]
consume [k n sju:m, - su:m]
4

5.

after [ ] enthusiasm [ n ju:ziæzm, - u:]
after [z] resume [r zju:m, - zu:m]
initial [l] luke-warm [ lu:k w :m]
lunatic [ lu:n t k, lju:]
medial [l]
absolute [ æbs lu:t, -ju:t]
dubious AE [ du:bi s, dju:]
BE [ dju:bi s]
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6.

3. diphthongization [i:], [u:]
e.g. who, see
[u+u] > [ +u] > [ +u]
a substandard variant
[ + ] > [ +j] > [ +j]
6

7.

4. monophthongization
[e ]
say, play [ei+ ]
[a ] [a ]
tower [|ta ] [ta ] [t :]
fire [fa ] [fa ] [f :]
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8.

5. final [ ] > [i:], [e]
pretty [ pr ti] [ pr ti:], [ pr te]
[ ] > [i:] in other positions
between [b twi:n] [bi: twi:n]
eleven [ levn] [i: levn]
substandard [ ]
8

9.

6. [ ] > [ + ]
[ ] > [ + ]
nausea [ n :si ] [ n :s + ]
influence [ nflu nts] [ nflu+ nts]
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10.

7. The influence of dark [l] in [ lv, lt, :lt ]
[ ], [ :] > [ ] :
revolve [r v lv]
solve [s lv]
dissolve [d z lv]
salt [s :lt, s lt]
halt [h lt, h :lt]
falter [ f :lt , |f l-]
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11.

8. The spread of [ ] in unstressed syllables:
system [ s st m, -t m]
September [sep temb , s p-, s p-]
diplomat [ d pl mæt] boycott [ b k t, -k t]
corridor [ k r d :, - -, -d ]
candidate [ kænd d t, -de t, -d t]
boxes BE [ b ks z]
AE [ b :ks z]
ended BE [ end d]
AE [ end d]
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12. III. Changes in Vowel Length

Lengthening of Vowels:
[ ] big, his
[ ] good
[ ] come
[e] yes, bed, men, said
[æ] man, bag, bad, sad
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13. Changes in Consonants

1. Assimilation
to exert [ g z :t]
miscellaneous [ m sl e ni s]
The cases of assimilation:
1). historical assimilation
watch [wæt ] > [w t ]
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14.

2). devoicing
[z] > [s]
[d] > [t]
news [ nju:z]
newspaper [ nju:s|pe p ]
amidst [ m dst, - m tst]
14

15.

3). in compound words
tenpence [ tenp nts, tem-]
football [ f pb :l] (not registered)
4). in rapid familiar speech
give me [ g mm ]
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16.

5). coalescing [k |les ŋ] type
[dj] > [ ]
due [dju:, u:]
[tj] > [t ]
tube [tju:b, t u:b]
Tuesday [ tju:zde , t u:z-]
[sj]>[ ]
issue [ u:, sju:]
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17. 2. New weak forms

and
[ænd] [ nd, n, nd, n]
that’s
right
[sra t]
that’s funny [s f n ]
if you like
[fj la k]
What does he want? [ w ts hi w nt]
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18. 3. The weakening and loss of consonants

1). final alveolars [t,d,n]
fourtee(n) men
wha(t)’s the matter
no(t) bad
ol(d) man
half pas(t) five
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19.

2). loss of plosives [p,b,k,g]
knokced
begged
apt
bed-time
egg-cup
castle [k :sl]
3). Simplification of double consonants
a good deal
upside down
lamp post
19

20.

4). initial combinations
psychic
pterodactyl [ ter dækt l]
where < hwere
[ sa k k]
5). Loss of [h]
He gave him his breakfast.
20

21.

6). Devoicing of consonants [b, d, g]
feed [fi:d˚]
rogue [r g˚]
7). Voicing of consonants
letter
AE, vulgar RP: [ led˚ ]
British
[ br d˚ ]
better, latter
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22.

8). Intrusive consonants [ n tru:s v]
a). [ns] > [nts]
fancy [ fæntsi] once [w nts]
pronouncing [pr na nts ŋ]
b). [p], [k]
warmth [w :mp ] length [leŋk ]
c). intrusive [r]
here and there [ h r n ð ]
idea and reality [a d r n r æl ti]
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23. Dialect Mixing

stabilized
[ ste b la zd] < [ stæ-]
reproduce
[ ri:pr |dju:s] < [ re-]
typography
[ta p gr fi] < [t ]
South-Eastern dialect:
Mainland
[ me nl nd] [ me nlænd]
Monday
[ m nd ] [ m nde ]
necklace
[ nekl s] [ nekl s]
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24. Changes of Stress

1). communal [ k mj nl, k mju:nl]
controversy [ k ntr v :si, k n tr v si]
aristocrat [ ær st kræt, r st kræt]
hospitable [h s p t bl, h sp t -]
garage [ gær : , - , - : ,
occasionally g r : ,- r : ]
adult [ æd lt, d lt]
ally [ æla , la ]
2).
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25. Spelling Pronunciation

forehead [ f :hed, f r d]
often
toward
[ fn, -tn]
[t w :d, tw :d, t :d]
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26. Continental Pronunciation

[ ge l ]>[ g :l , ge -]
Faustus [ f :st s, fa -]
nuclei [ nju:kl i:] < [ nju:kl a ]
gala
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27.

Thank you!
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