ANTHRAX

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ANTHRAX
ANTHRAX is a dangerous infectious disease caused by the bacteria called
"bacillus anthracis" . It primarily affects animals, but can also be transmitted to
humans.Infection occurs mainly through spores of the bacterium, which are
highly resilient and can survive in soil for years.

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Routes of human infection:
Contact (most common)
Alimentary
Through handling infected animal
Through eating contaminated
carcasses, hides, or wool, via
meat.
small cuts in the skin.
Airborne
Through inhaling spores (rare).
It is NOT transmitted from person to person.

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THE PEOPLE MOST OFTEN INFECTED
The people most often infected are agricultural workers and those
who come into contact with animals or animal products.
Groups at higher risk include:
Agricultural and livestock
workers
Veterinarians and
laboratory staff
According to Rospotrebnadzor, they
They come into contact with sick
account for up to 90% of all infection
animals or cultures of the pathogen.
cases.
Processing workers
People involved in slaughtering livestock, removing hides, butchering
carcasses, and processing wool, leather, and bones.
The main risk factor is direct contact with infected animals (especially dead ones)
or their products without veterinary control.

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SYMPTOMS
Symptoms depend on how the infection enters the body:
Cutaneous form (most
common, 95 –98%)
Intestinal form
Caused by eating contaminated
meat
A painless, itchy bump appears
on the skin
Severe abdominal pain
It turns into an ulcer with a black
Vomiting
scab (eschar) in the center
Bloody diarrhea
Swelling around the sore
With treatment, the prognosis is
favorable
Pulmonary (inhalation) form (most dangerous)
Flu - like symptoms: fever, fatigue, muscle aches
Quickly progresses to severe pneumonia
Difficulty breathing and respiratory failure

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TREATMENT
Requires immediate hospitalization.
The basis is antibiotics
— the earlier, the better.
Cutaneous form (most common)
• Oral antibiotics: Ciprofloxacin or
Doxycycline.
• Course — 7–10 days.

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Severe forms (pulmonary, intestinal)
• Treatment in intensive care.
• Combination of two or more
antibiotics intravenously +
antitoxins.
• Course — up to 60 days.

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Important:
Skin sores must not be cut or opened.
Post - exposure prophylaxis
— same antibiotics, up to 60 days.
If suspected — see a doctor immediately

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спасибо за внимание

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LEXIS
resilient
упругий, стойкий
handling infected animal carcasses
обработка туш инфецированных животных
hides
шкура
wool
шерсть
inhaling spores
вдыхание спор
To be involved in slaughtering livestock
участвовать в забое скота
Cutaneous form
кожная форма
itchy bump
зудящая шишка
It turns into
превращаться
ulcer with a black scab (eschar)
язва с черным налетом

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Swelling
припухлость
Pulmonary (inhalation) form
легочная, ингаляционная форма
Severe pneumonia
тяжелая пневмония
contaminated meat
зараженное мясо
Severe abdominal pain
сильная боль в животе
Intravenously
внутривенно
Skin sores
кожные язвы
Post - exposure prophylaxis
постконтактная профилактика
To be suspected
быть заподозренным