Modal verbs

1. MODAL VERBS

Brainy Publishing

2. CHOOSE THE VERB

Hello! My name’s Queen
Eleanor. Choose the verb you
want to know more about.
should
can
must
could
might
have to
may
need to

3. SHOULD

We use should to give advice and make
suggestions to do something or express
that something is a good idea
You should try this dessert, it is so
delicious!
or to express that something is not a good
idea.
This dessert is too sweet, you shouldn’t
even try it.

4. Give Advice

Your friend is feeling stressed about exams.
You should take breaks and relax.
1. A classmate is thinking about skipping school.
2. A neighbor wants to plant a garden but doesn't know how.
3. Your sibling is feeling unwell but refuses to see a doctor.
4. A friend is planning to travel alone for the first time.
5. A friend is considering eating fast food every day.
6. Someone is thinking about getting a pet but has a busy schedule.
7. A friend is thinking about investing money without research.
8. Someone is thinking about ignoring safety rules at work.
9. A friend is thinking going to a party without telling their parents.
10. Someone is thinking about not wearing a seatbelt in the car.

5. Choose should or shouldn’t

shoul eat breakfast every morning.
1. You __________
shouldn’
2. He __________
forget to bring his notebook to class.
d
shouldn’play outside when it rains.
3. Theyt__________
4. She __________
tshouldstudy for her test this weekend.
shouldn’
5. We __________
waste water when brushing our teeth.
6. You __________
t shouldalways wear a seatbelt in the car.
shouldn’stay up too late before a big day.
7. He __________
shouldhelp their classmates with homework.
8. Theyt__________
shouldn’ignore her health; it is important.
9. She __________
10. We __________
t shouldrecycle our plastic bottles and cans.

6. True or False

It is important to drink water. True. You should drink water.
1. It is not a good idea to skip lunch.
2. It is necessary to wear a helmet while biking.
3. It is not safe to talk to strangers.
4. It is a good idea to help others.
5. It is important to get enough sleep.
6. It is not wise to ignore your homework.
7. It is not healthy to eat too much junk food.
8. It is essential to follow safety rules.
9. It is not advisable to drive without a license.
10. It is important to be kind to others.

7. Choose the correct answer

You _________
should
brush your teeth twice a
day.
should
shouldn’t

8. Choose the correct answer

You _________
should
sleep at least 8 hours a
day.
should
shouldn’t

9. Choose the correct answer

Youshouldn’t
_________
pull dog’s tail.
should
shouldn’t

10. Choose the correct answer

You _________
should
wash your hands before
eating.
should
shouldn’t

11. Choose the correct answer

Youshouldn’t
_________
drink too much coffee.
should
shouldn’t

12. Choose the correct answer

You _________
should
do your homework to be
a good student.
should
shouldn’t

13. Choose the correct answer

Youshouldn’t
_________
play with wild animals.
should
shouldn’t

14. Choose the correct answer

It’s sunny today.
Youshouldn’t
_________
take an umbrella.
should
shouldn’t

15. Choose the correct answer

Youshouldn’t
_________
talk loudly in the library.
should
shouldn’t

16. Choose the correct answer

You _________
should
exercise regularly to be
fit.
should
shouldn’t

17. MUST

We use must to express that something
is necessary and give advice or an order
in a strong way.
She must attend an important meeting
tomorrow.
We use mustn't to express that something
is forbidden or not allowed.
You mustn’t stay up late!

18. Choose must or mustn’t

must wear a helmet when riding a bike for safety.
1. You ________
mustn’t
2. Students ________
talk during the exam to avoid distractions.
mustrecycle our plastic bottles to help the environment.
3. We ________
mustn’t
4. You ________
forget to bring your lunch to school.
mustwash their hands before eating.
5. Everyone ________
mustobey traffic signals to stay safe on the road.
6. Drivers ________
mustn’t
7. You ________
leave the door unlocked when you go out.
mustn’t
8. Children ________
play near the construction site.
mustfinish our project by the end of the week.
9. We ________
mustn’t
10. You ________
use your phone during the movie.

19. True or False

It’s OK to drive without a seatbelt. False. You must wear a seatbelt.
1. It is important to study for exams.
2. You can ignore safety rules at work.
3. You can play outside after finishing your chores.
4. It is fine to skip meals.
5. It is fine to drive without a license.
6. It is okay to play outside after dark.
7. It is important to wash your hands before eating.
8. It is good to exercise regularly.
9. It’s OK to use your phone in class.
10. It’s good to eat ice cream for breakfast.

20. Put the words in the correct order

A bike
when
A helmet
You
wear
You must wear a helmet
mus
t
riding
when riding a bike.

21. Put the words in the correct order

mus
t
not
lunch
bring
You
You must not forget
forget
to
to bring lunch.

22. Put the words in the correct order

for
You
hard
y
d
u
t
s
mus
t
The
exam
You must study hard for the exam.

23. Put the words in the correct order

Mustn
’t
test
You
during
You mustn’t
the
talk
talk during the test.

24. Put the words in the correct order

mus
t
your
finish
dinner
before
You
homework
You must finish your homework
before
dinner.

25. Put the words in the correct order

You
On time
meetin
g
the
be
mus
t
for
You must be on time for the meeting.

26. Put the words in the correct order

mus
t
water
drink
stay
You
You must drink water
hydrated
to
to stay hydrated.

27. Put the words in the correct order

in
mus
t
not
park
the
litter
You
You must not litter in the park.

28. Put the words in the correct order

be
polite
mus
t
your
You
teachers
to
You must be polite to your teachers.

29. Put the words in the correct order

mus
t
not
school
You
for
be
late
You must not be late for
school.

30. What must(n’t) people do in these situations? Add your ideas

At school:
While travelling:
- You must do your homework.
- You must take your passport.
At home:
At work:
- You must make your bed.
- You must arrive on time.

31. Complete the sentences with "must be" or "mustn't be."

Complete the sentences with "must be" or "mustn't
be."
mustn’t beat home.
1. The lights are off; they __________
must betraffic on the road.
2. She is late; there __________
must be in bed.
3. It is very quiet; the children __________
must beat work.
4. He is not here; he __________
must bea great day for a picnic.
5. The weather is nice; it __________
must be lost in the mail.
6. The package is missing; it __________
mustn’t be
7. The door is locked; the cat __________
outside.
must beafter 9 PM.
8. The store is closed; it __________
mustn’t beanyone at the door.
9. The dog is barking; there __________
betoo difficult for anyone.
10. The homework is easy; it mustn’t
__________

32. MIGHT/MAY

We use might/may to express
possibility in the future
Take an umbrella, it might rain later.
I think she may win the singing
competition … because her voice is
amazing.
or to ask for permission
May I borrow your pen?

33. Complete the sentences using ‘may’ or ’might’

Complete the sentences using ‘may’ or
There are some dark clouds in the ’might’
sky. (may) It may rain.
1. It’s cold outside, but Kate isn’t wearing a hat. (might)
2. Jo’s got some money and he’s at the shopping mall. (might)
3. It’s ten o’clock and Mike feels tired. (might)
4. Sally’s at the cafe and she feels a little hungry. (may)
5. I should go to school today, but I feel a little sick. (might not)
6. Sue has a vacation next month. She loves Paris. (might)
7. Greg is very busy to go to the party tonight. (may not)
8. Jake is considering to study abroad. (may)
9. Steve is likely to finish the project early. (might)
10. I’ve got nothing to do. (may)

34. Rewrite the sentences using ‘may’ or ’might’

Rewrite the sentences using ‘may’ or
Perhaps Sally is in her office. Sally
might be in her office.
’might’
1. Perhaps we should try a new restaurant for dinner.
2. Perhaps she is busy with her homework right now.
3. Perhaps they will join us for the movie later.
4. Perhaps you can help me with this project.
5. Perhaps it will rain tomorrow, so we should bring umbrellas.
6. Perhaps he forgot about the meeting this afternoon.
7. Perhaps we should leave early to avoid traffic.
8. Perhaps the team will win the championship this year.
9. Perhaps they are planning a surprise party for him.
10. Perhaps I should read that book you recommended.

35. Somebody is asking you about your plans. You have some ideas, but you are not sure.

Somebody is asking you about your plans.
1. Where
you going
on holidays?
Youarehave
some
ideas, but you are not sure.
2. Where are you going to stay there?
3. How are you going to get home
tonight?
4. What are you going to do at the
weekend?
5. What are you going to have for
dinner?
6. What are you going to wear to a
party?
7. Who is coming to Spain with you?
1. I’m not sure. I might go to
Spain.
2. I don’t know.
3. I haven’t decided yet.
4. I have no idea.
5. I’m not sure.
6. I haven’t decided yet.
7. I don’t know.
8. I have no idea.

36. Your friend asks you about your plans for tomorrow but you aren’t sure. Give answers as in the example

Your friend asks you about your plans for
tomorrow but you aren’t sure. Give answers as in
1. Are you playing tennis
the example
tomorrow?
1. Maybe. I might play tennis
2. Are you going to the cinema?
tomorrow.
3. Are you going to get up
2. Possibly.
early?
3. Perhaps.
4. Are you working tomorrow?
4. Possibly.
5. Are you going to read a book?
5. I’m not sure.
6. Are you going to order food?
6. Perhaps.
7. Are you meeting with your
7. Maybe.
friends?
8. I’m not sure.
8. Are you going to cook?

37. CAN/COULD

We use can to express ability, possibility
or permission
Mike can speak three languages.
It’s OK. You can take my umbrella.
We use could to express a request
Could you call me back later?

38. Answer the questions

1. What can you do to relax? - I can read a book.
2. What could you do if you had more time?
3. What can you do to stay healthy?
4. What can you do to help a friend?
5. What could you do to improve your grades?
6. What can you do on a rainy day?
7. What could you do if you felt tired?
8. What can you do to save money?
9. What could you do to learn a new skill?
10. What can you do to be more organized?
11. What could you do to make new friends?
12. What can you do to help the environment?

39. Rewrite the sentences with can or could

It is possible for you to
help me.
You can help me.

40. Rewrite the sentences with can or could

It was possible for her
She could finish the
to finish the project.
project.

41. Rewrite the sentences with can or could

It is not possible for
them to attend the
meeting.
They can’t attend the
meeting.

42. Rewrite the sentences with can or could

It was possible for us to
We could see the stars
see the stars last night.
last night.

43. Rewrite the sentences with can or could

It is possible for him to
play the guitar.
He can play the guitar.

44. Rewrite the sentences with can or could

It was not possible for
them to solve the
problem.
They couldn’t solve the
problem.

45. Rewrite the sentences with can or could

It is not allowed for you
to park here.
You can’t park here.

46. Rewrite the sentences with can or could

It was possible for her
She could learn French
to learn French quickly.
quickly.

47. Rewrite the sentences with can or could

It was impossible for
the team to win the
game.
The team couldn’t win
the game.

48. Rewrite the sentences with can or could

It is possible for us to
We can visit the
visit the museum today.
museum today.

49. HAVE TO

We use have to/has to to express
strong obligation. There’s usually a
sense of external obligation.
You have to send an urgent email.
Today is a holiday. I don’t have to go to
work.
My friend has to take a driving test this
afternoon.

50. True or False

It is necessary to wear a helmet. True. You have to wear a helmet.
1. It is not required to bring snacks.
2. It is important to finish your homework.
3. It is necessary to follow the rules
4. It is important to arrive on time.
5. It is not necessary to clean your room today.
6. It is okay to leave early if you finish.
7. It is important to drink water every day.
8. It is not required to wear a tie at work.
9. It is okay to take breaks while studying.
10. It is important to respect your teachers.

51. Choose have to/has to or don’t have to/doesn’t have to

Choose have to/has to or don’t have to/doesn’t
has
to finish
have
to her homework before dinner.
1. She __________
don’t haveworry
to
2. You __________
about the test; it is easy.
don’t haveattend
to
3. They __________
the meeting if they are busy.
has to wear a helmet when riding his bike.
4. He __________
have tobring our own lunch to the picnic.
5. We __________
have tostudy for the exam this weekend.
6. I __________
has to clean her room every Saturday.
7. My sister __________
don’t haveforget
to
8. You __________
to lock the door when you leave.
has to go for a walk every day.
9. The dog __________
havecall
to her parents every day;
10. She doesn’t
____________
they understand.

52. Say what the queen has to and doesn’t have to do every day

follow protocols
use social media
pay taxes
give speeches
wear a uniform
represent the
country
support charities
live in one place
attend official
events
follow fashion
trends
#RoyalLife

53. Say what you have to and don’t have to do every day

Say what you have to and don’t have to do
click
every day
make your bed
cook the food
wash dishes
mop the floor
feed your pet(s)
iron the clothes
clean your room
wash the clothes
dust the table
vacuum the floor
#chores

54. NEED TO

We use need to to express that smth. is
important for you to do but rather at a
given moment than as a reoccurring
Margo needs action.
to visit her parents this
Friday.
I need to spend more time with my
children.
We use don’t need to to express that smth.
isn’t necessary, but possible.
You don’t need to come to the meeting
next week.

55. “If you …” Complete the sentences with your own ideas using ‘need to’ or ‘don’t need to’

If you drive a car … you need to wear a seatbelt.
1. If you pass all your exams …
2. If you want to buy a new flat …
3. If you want to lose some weight …
4. If you want to travel abroad …
5. If you want to be healthy …
6. If you don’t understand something …
7. If you want to learn English …
8. If you don’t feel well …

56. Choose need to or don’t need to/doesn’t need to

Choose need to or don’t need to/doesn’t need
tocafeteria provides food.
don’t need bring
to
1. You ___________
your own lunch; the
doesn’t needworry
to about the small details; everything will be fine.
2. She _____________
don’t need finish
to
3. They ___________
their project by next week; the deadline is
flexible.
needs towear a tie to the meeting; it is official.
4. He __________
don’t needarrive
to
5. We ____________
early for the concert; the doors open at 7.
need tostudy for the test; you aren’t prepared enough.
6. You __________
don’t needattend
to
7. They ____________
the meeting if they are busy.
need toexercise regularly to stay healthy.
8. You __________
don’t needbring
to
9. We ____________
a jacket; it’s warm outside.
needs totake the bus; her parents won’t drive her.
10. She __________

57. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the correct modal verb

must follow a balanced lifestyle. First, they ______
To stay healthy, humans ______
shouldeat a variety
of nutritious foods, including fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Drinking
plenty of water is essential for hydration, and peoplemust
______ remember to do this daily.
Regular exercise is important; individuals
______ aim for at least 30 minutes of physical
should
activity most days of the week. This ______
can include walking, running, swimming, or playing
mightalso consider joining a fitness class to stay motivated.
sports. People ______
Getting enough sleep is crucial for overall health, so adults
______ aim for 7-9 hours
should
each night. Additionally, managing stress through relaxation techniques, such as
can
meditation
or yoga, ______ improve mental well-being.
Individuals ______ find that practicing
may
mindfulness helps reduce anxiety.
Finally, regular check-ups with a doctor must
______ be scheduled to monitor health and
catch any potential issues early. By following these guidelines, humans
______ maintain
can
might
their health and enjoy a better qualityshould
of life. They ______ always prioritize their well-being
and ______ seek support from health professionals when needed.

58.

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