Предписывающие знаки. Полное руководство

1.

@54?8AO64NM85 7=4>8:
>?=>5 @C>>6>4AB6>
@98?<AO64NM<9 ;=4>< <7@4NB 64:=CN @>?P 6 >59A?9G9=<<
59;>?4A=>AB< 8>@>:=>7> 86<:9=<O. =< CAB4=46?<64NB ?@46<?4 <
B@95>64=<O 8?O 6A9E CG4AB=<>>6 86<:9=<O.
by -4G4D4 $54>D>6

2.

'B> B4>>5 ?@54?8AO64NM85 7=4>8?
D98C<EO64RI<9 ;A4>< 3 QFB >4F97BD<S 8BDB:AOI
;A4>B6. A< G>4;O64RF B5S;4F9?PAO9 89=EF6<S 8?S
6B8<F9?9= < C9H9IB8B6.
-F< ;A4>< <@9RF >DG7?GR HBD@G < E<A<= HBA. 4 A<I
<;B5D4:9AO 59?O9 E<@6B?O, B5B;A4G4RI<9
CD98C<E4A<S.
%B5?R89A<9 QF<I ;A4>B6 B5S;4F9?PAB 8?S B59EC9G9A<S CBDS8>4 < CD98BF6D4I9A<S 464D<=.

3.

?4AA8D8>4F8O
?@54?8AO64NM8E 7=4>>6
4?@46?5=85 46865=8O
AB4=>6>4 8 AB>O=>4
'>4;O64NF, 6 >4>B@ A4CD46?9A<<
97G?<DGNF @9EF4, 789 D4;D9L9AB
D4;D9L9AB 86<:9A<9.
<?< ;4CD9M9AB BEF4A46?<64FPEO <
C4D>B64FPEO.
>@O4>> 46865=8O
D98C<EO64NF BCD989?9AAO9 CD46<?4 86<:9A<O, A4CD<@9D, @<A<@4?PAGN
E>BDBEFP.
4:8O= F<C ;A4>4 <@99F E6B< BEB59AABEF< < FD95G9F BEB5B7B 6A<@4A<O.

4.

A4>8, G>47O64NM85
A4CD46?5A85 46865A8O
6865A85 CDO@B
$4;D9L9AB 86<:9A<9 FB?P>B CDO@B.
6865A85 A4?56B
$4;D9L9AB 86<:9A<9 FB?P>B A4?96B.
6865A85 A4CD46B
$4;D9L9AB 86<:9A<9 FB?P>B A4CD46B.
-F< ;A4>< CB@B74NF 6B8<F9?O@ BD<9AF<DB64FPEO < <;5974FP
A9CD46<?PAOE CB6BDBFB6.

5.

A4>8, D57G?8DGNM85
BEF4AB6>G 8 EFBOA>G
EF4AB6>4 74CD5M5A4
%FBOA>4 74CD5M5A4
4CD9M49F BEF4AB6>G
4CD9M49F EFBOA>G
FD4AECBDFAOI ED98EF6.
FD4AECBDFAOI ED98EF6.
%FBOA>4 CB G5FAO@/A5G5FAO@ 4AO@
$97G?<DG9F EFBOA>G 6 ;46<E<@BEF< BF 8AO @9EOJ4.
9EB5?N89A<9 MF<I ;A4>B6 @B:9F CD<69EF< > LFD4H4@ < M64>G4J<<
46FB@B5<?O.

6.

A4><, CD54C<EO64NM<5
BCD545?5AAO= CBDO4B>
46<65A<O
<A<@4?LA4O E>BDBEFL
'>4;O649F @<A<@4?PAGN E>BDBEFP 86<:9A<O.
6<65A<5 E F5CO@<
5O;O649F <ECB?P;B64FP F9C< CDBF<6BE>B?P:9A<O.
5?BE<C54A4O 4BDB6>4
'>4;O649F 8BDB:>G FB?P>B 8?O 69?BE<C98<EFB6.
-F< ;A4>< CB@B74NF CB889D:<64FP 59;BC4EABEFP < CBDO8B> A4
8BDB79.

7.

=4>8, C>47O64NM85 =4 >A>5O5 CA?>68O
46865=8O
5B8
D98GCD9:849F B 6B;@B:AB@
CBO6?9A<< 89F9=.
?4A=O9 ?>6>@>B
'>4;O649F A4 CD<5?<:9A<9 >
BC4EAB@G GG4EF>G 8BDB7<.
8>85 686>B=O5
D98GCD9:849F B 6B;@B:AB@
CBO6?9A<< 8<><E :<6BFAOE.
-F< ;A4>< CB@B74NF 6B8<F9?O@ 5OFP 5B?99 6A<@4F9?PAO@< < BEFBDB:AO@<.

8.

=4>8, >B=>AOM85AO > ?5L5E>44<
5L5E>4=4O 4>@>6>4
>475<=O9 ?5L5E>4=O9
?5@5E>4
CD989?S9F @9EFB 8?S C9D9EB84
'>47O649F A4 A4?8G89 CB879@AB7B
C9H9EB8B6.
C9D9EB84.
%B5?R89A89 QF8E 7A4>B6 B59EC9G8649F 597BC4EABEFP C9H9EB8B6 A4 8BDB79.
4475<=O9 ?5L5E>4=O9
?5@5E>4
'>47O649F A4 A4?8G89 A4879@AB7B
C9D9EB84.

9.

D4>F8G5E>85 CD8@5DO CD54C8EO64NM8E
7A4>B6
5?BE8C54A4O 4BDB6>4
6865A85 CDO@B
8A8@4?LA4O E>BDBEFL
-FBF ;A4> G>4;O649F, GFB 84AA4O
-FBF ;A4> G>4;O649F, GFB 86<:9A<9
-FBF ;A4> G>4;O649F @<A<@4?PAGN
CB?BE4 CD98A4;A4G9A4 FB?P>B 8?O
D4;D9H9AB FB?P>B 6 CDO@B@
E>BDBEFP, E >BFBDB= D4;D9H9AB
69?BE<C98<EFB6.
A4CD46?9A<<.
86<:9A<9.
4:AB ;A4FP < CBA<@4FP ;A4G9A<9 >4:8B7B ;A4>4 8?O 59;BC4EAB7B 6B:89A<O.

10.

4>?NG5=85: 46=>ABL A>5?N45=8O
?@54?8AO64NM8E 7=4>>6
90%
75%
50%
%A<:9A<9 464D<=ABEF< CD<
B6OH9A<9 59;BC4EABEF< 6E9E
%B>D4I9A<9 CDB5B> < ;489D:9> A4
EB5?N89A<< ;A4>B6.
GG4EFA<>B6 86<:9A<O.
8BDB74E.
%B5?N89A<9 CD98C<EO64NI<E ;A4>B6 O6?O9FEO ;4?B7B@ 59;BC4EABEF< < CBDO8>4 A4 8BDB74E. B@A<F9 B5 <E ;A4G9A<< <
E?98G=F9 <@ A9G>BEA<F9?PAB!