phpID8EYX_Comparatives

1.

STARLIGHT-10
Comparison of Adjectives

2.

There are 3 degrees of comparison for
adjectives in English.
1) positive, which shows a simple quality:
small, deep, wise, hot
2) comparative, which shows a high degree of the
quality:
smaller, deeper, wiser, hotter
3) superlative, which shows the highest degree of
quality:
the smallest, the deepest, the wisest, the hottest.

3.

Positive
Comparative
Superlative
односложные
прилагательные
old
safe
long
hot
older
safer
longer
hotter
the oldest
the safest
the longest
the hottest
двусложные
прилагательные,
заканчивающиеся
на –y и с
early
tidy
shy
sly
polite
earlier
tidier
shyer
slyer
politer
the earliest
the tidiest
the shyest
the slyest
the politest
ударением на 2
слоге
двух-, трех- и
более сложные
прилагательные
famous
more
famous
comfortable more
comfortable
the most
famous
the most
comfortable

4.

Positive
некоторые
двусложные
прилагательные
исключения
исключения,
имеющие 2
формы
сравнения
Comparative
clever, common, cleverer
cruel, friendly,
more
gentle, narrow,
clever
pleasant,
shallow, simple,
stupid, quiet
good
bad(ill)
much/
many/lots
little
the cleverest
the most clever
better
worse
more
the best
the worst
the most
less
the least
farther
farthest
far
далекий
Superlative
(расстояние)
further
furthest
(время)

5.

исключения,
имеющие 2
формы
сравнения
Positive
Comparative
near
nearer
близкий
Superlative
nearest
ближайший
next
следующий
later
late
позже
близкий
latter
второй из
двух
old
старый
latest
самый последний,
новый
last прошлый
the last последний
(по времени, по
порядку)
older
elder
the oldest
о членах
одной семьи
the eldest

6.

Constructions with Comparisons
as + прилагательное + as
An apple is usually as big as an orange.
not as/not so + прилагательное + as
A grape is not so big as an orange.
A grape is not as big as an orange.

7.

twice/three times as + прилагательное + as
This route is twice as long as that one.

8.

half as + прилагательное + as
This route is half as long as that one.
Translate the phrases and remember them:
half the size
half the age
half the weight
half as much/many
в два раза меньше
в два раза моложе
в два раза легче
в два раза меньше

9.

прилагательное в сравнительной степени +
than
He is taller than his brother.
A mountain is higher than a hill.
прилагательное в превосходной степени +
of/in
Tom is the cleverest boy in the class.
Ann is the prettiest of them all.

10.

less … than
менее … чем
The blue car is less expensive than
the red one.
the least … of/in
наименее … из/в
She is the least hard-working
person in our office.
антонимы
more than
the most of/in

11.

Слова, уточняющие степень различия:
much - гораздо
a lot - намного
far - намного
a great deal - значительно
a little - немного
a bit - немного
slightly - слегка
He was far more than a translator.
England is much larger than Scotland.
Your flat is a great deal better than mine.
Jack is slightly taller than Jeremy.

12.

Слова, подчеркивающие степень различия
в превосходной степени:
the very - самый
by far - безусловно
She is the very best pupil in our class.
It is by far the most difficult task.

13.

• Повтор прилагательного в сравнительной степени
показывает процесс увеличения или уменьшения:
Your English is improving. It’s getting better and better.
• Использование двух прилагательных в
сравнительной степени с артиклем the показывает
зависимость одного процесса от другого (чем…тем):
The earlier we leave, the sooner we will arrive.
The warmer is the weather, the better I feel
Remember:
the sooner the better
the bigger the better