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1.

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
WHY DO THE SEASONS CHANGE ON
EARTH
2024-2025 ACADEMIC YEAR

2.

CONTENT
I. Introduction
II. MAIN PART
2.1. The Earth's tilt and rotation
2.2. The orbit of Earth around the Sun
2.3. How seasons vary across hemispheres
III. PRACTICAL PART
3.1. Observation and recording of local
seasonal changes
IV. Conclusion
LIST OF LITERATURE

3.

INTRODUCTION
THE CHANGING SEASONS ON EARTH ARE A FUNDAMENTAL ASPECT OF OUR
PLANET'S NATURAL PROCESSES, INFLUENCING EVERYTHING FROM WEATHER
PATTERNS TO ECOSYSTEMS.
The primary objective of this research
is to understand the scientific
principles behind the changing seasons
on Earth. This includes studying how
Earth's tilt, rotation, and orbit
influence seasonal changes and
exploring how these patterns vary
across different regions of the planet.
The novelty of this research lies in
its focus on the practical aspect of
observing and recording local
seasonal changes. While much
research has been done on the
theoretical aspects of Earth's
movements and their global
effects, there is less emphasis on
how these seasonal changes are
experienced at the local level.
The purpose of this project is to
provide a clear and thorough
understanding of how the Earth's tilt,
rotation, and orbit influence seasonal
changes. It also aims to demonstrate
the variation in seasons across
different hemispheres and how these
changes affect local climates and
ecosystems.

4.

MAIN PART
THE EARTH’S ORBIT AROUND THE SUN IS FUNDAMENTAL TO
UNDERSTANDING WHY WE EXPERIENCE DIFFERENT SEASONS, AS IT WORKS
IN CONJUNCTION WITH EARTH'S AXIAL TILT TO CREATE OUR FAMILIAR
PATTERNS OF CHANGING WEATHER AND TEMPERATURES.
THE SHAPE OF EARTH’S ORBIT, WHICH IS SLIGHTLY OVAL,
DOESN’T REALLY AFFECT THE SEASONS.
THE MAIN REASON WE HAVE DIFFERENT SEASONS IS BECAUSE
EARTH IS TILTED ABOUT 23.5 DEGREES ON ITS AXIS.

5.

PRACTICAL PART
In this practical part, I conducted a detailed observation and recording of local seasonal changes over
several months. My goal was to see firsthand how shifts in temperature, weather, plant growth, and animal
behavior reflect the Earth’s seasonal changes. By visiting the same locations regularly and following a set
schedule, I was able to observe these natural transformations up close and gain a deeper understanding of
seasonal patterns in my area.
Choosing
Observation Points
01
02
Setting Up a
Schedule
Recording
Temperature and
Weather
03
Observing Animal
Activity
04
Tracking Plant
Growth and
Changes
05
06
Keeping a Journal

6.

After completing several months of observation, I analyzed my data to see clear patterns of seasonal change.
1.Temperature Patterns.
2.Plant and Animal Behavior.
3.Weather Variability.
Through my observation and recording of local seasonal changes, I gained a clearer understanding of how the Earth’s
tilt and orbit shape life on our planet. By observing temperature shifts, plant growth cycles, and animal activities, I
could see how the environment adapts throughout the year. These changes are interconnected and vital for sustaining
life in the natural world.

7.

CONCLUSION
Overall, this project has given a clear understanding of why
seasons change and how they affect life on Earth. By observing
the world around us and learning about the science behind these
changes, we can gain a deeper appreciation for our planet and
its complex systems. In the future, continuing to study seasonal
patterns and encouraging others to notice and record local
changes will help everyone understand environmental changes
better and create a stronger connection to nature.