wepik-exploring-the-evolution-of-middle-and-early-modern-english-a-linguistic-perspective-20241009220316StM7

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Englisc spræc (Old English)
450 - 1100

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Dialects (800)

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English
French: 28.30%
Germanic languages: 25%
Latin: 28.24%
Greek: 5.32%

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Englisc spræc (Old English)
Latin Alphabet

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A detail of the rst page of the
Beowulf (epic poem written in 10th
century) one of the most important
works of Old English literature.
"ofer hron rade".
Translation: "over the whale's road
(sea)"
It is an example of an Old English
stylistic device, thekenning.
The rst page of the
Beowulf.
"Hƿæt ƿē Gārde/na ingēar
dagum þēod cyninga /
þrym ge frunon..."
Translation: "Listen! We of
the Spear-Danes from days
of yore have heard of the
glory of the folk-kings..."

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Englisc tunge (Middle English)
1100 - 1500

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Dialects (1300)

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Geoffrey Chaucer (1343 – 1400)
was an English poet, author,
and civil servant best known
for " The Canterbury Tales". He
has been called the "father of
English literature", or,
alternatively, the "father of
English poetry"
A page from Geoffrey
Chaucer's The Canterbury
Tales, published in the late
14th century

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French in English
Mythological beasts (cockatrice, dragon, grif n,hippogriff, phoenix, wyvern)
Exotic animals (lion, leopard, antelope, gazelle, giraffe, camel, elephant, dolphin,
ostrich, chameleon)
Politics and economics (money, nance, tax, liberalism, capitalism, materialism,
nationalism, state, administration, federal, bureaucracy, constitution, jurisdiction
,district)
Law (justice, judge, jury, attorney, court, case)
Cuisine (beef, caramel, cream, croissant, mayonnaise, mustard, mutton, pastry,
pork, porridge, pudding, ratatouille, salad, sauce, sausage, souf é, soup)
Diplomacy (alliance, passport, protocol)
Arts(art, music, dance, theatre, author, stage, paint, canvas, perform, harmony,
melody, rhythm, trumpet, note, director, gallery, portrait, brush, pallet, montage, s
urrealism, impressionism, fauvism, cubism, symbolism, art,
gouache, aquarelle, collage, render)
Feudalism (vassal, villain, council, government, mayor, minister, parliament
prayer, preach, priest, baron, count, dame, duke, marquis, prince, sir).

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Early Modern English
1500 - 1700

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Early Modern English
Shakespear's in uence
Shakespeare introduced about 1500 original words
into the language, many of which we still use
addiction
generous
lonely
hurry
suspicious
exposure
accommodation
ladybird (From Romeo and Juliet)
uncomfortable (From Romeo and Juliet)

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Great Vowel Shift

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The End.