t_1717679405_esl_how_and_when_to_use_present_simple_powerpoint_adults (1)

1.

2.

How Do You Form the Present Simple in English?
To form the Present Simple, you use the bare infinitive or base
form of the verb.
Full Infinitive
Bare Infinitive / Base Form
to eat
eat
to drink
drink
to sleep
sleep
to watch
watch

3.

The Main Thing to Remember about the
Present Simple:
is that the form of the 3rd person singular
(he / she / it)
is different from the other subjects
in the affirmative, negative and interrogative forms

4.

How to Form Present Simple Affirmative with
I / You / We / They
For these subjects, the Present Simple is the base form of the verb
(bare infinitive or infinitive without ‘to’).
Full Infinitive
Present Simple
to eat
I
eat
to drink
You
drink
to sleep
We
sleep
to watch
They
watch

5.

How to Form Present Simple Affirmative with
He / She / It
In the affirmative form of 3rd person singular (he / she / it),
remember to add ‘s’ or ‘es’ to the base form of the verb:
Full Infinitive
to eat
to drink
to sleep
to watch
Present Simple
He
She
It
eats
drinks
sleeps
watches

6.

Compare:
• I / You / We / They eat.
• He / She / It eats.
• I / You / We / They drink.
• He / She / It drinks.
• I / You / We / They sleep.
• He / She / It sleeps.
• I / You / We / They watch.
• He / She / It watches.

7.

When Do You Add ‘s’ to the Verb to Make the
3rd Person Singular Form?
You add ‘s’ to the end of most verbs to make the
3rd person singular (he / she / it) affirmative form.
eat
eats
drink
drinks
sleep
sleeps

8.

When Do You Add ‘es’ to the Verb to Make the
3rd Person Singular Form?
You add ‘es’ to verbs ending in -ch, -ss, -sh, -x or -zz:
watch
watches
kiss
kisses
finish
finishes
fix
fixes
buzz
buzzes

9.

Are There Any Exceptions?
Yes! For example, have, go and do are irregular:
to have
I
You
We
They
He
have
She
It
has

10.

Exceptions:
have, go and do are irregular:
to go
I
You
We
They
He
go
She
It
goes

11.

Exceptions:
have, go and do are irregular:
to do
I
You
We
They
He
do
She
It
does

12.

More Exceptions:
When the verb ends in a vowel + -y, you add -s.
pay
pays
But when the verb ends in a consonant + -y,
change the y to i and add -es:
study
studies

13.

The Verb to Be
Remember!
The verb to be is irregular, and it’s also different from other
verbs in the negative and interrogative forms, so we’ll look at
this common verb in more detail here.
Go to Verb ‘to Be’ slide

14.

How to Form Present Simple Negative with
I / You / We / They
I / You / We / They + don’t (do not) + base form of the verb.
I
eat
You
sleep
We
They
don’t
drink
go

15.

How to Form Present Simple Negative with
He / She / It
He / She / It + doesn’t (does not) + base form of the verb
eat
He
She
It
doesn’t
sleep
drink
go

16.

Compare:
• I / You / We / They don’t eat.
• He / She / It doesn’t eat.
• I / You / We / They don’t drink.
• He / She / It doesn’t drink.
• I / You / We / They don’t sleep.
• He / She / It doesn’t sleep.
• I / You / We / They don’t go.
• He / She / It doesn’t go.

17.

How to Form Present Simple Interrogative with
I / You / We / They
Do + I / you / we / they + base form of the verb + ?
Do
I
eat
you
sleep
we
drink
they
go
?

18.

How to Form Present Simple Interrogative with
He / She / It
Does + he / she / it + base form of the verb + ?
he
Does
she
it
eat
sleep
drink
go
?

19.

Compare:
• Do I / you / we / they eat?
• Does he / she / it eat?
• Do I / you / we / they drink?
• Does he / she / it drink?
• Do I / you / we / they sleep?
• Does he / she / it sleep?
• Do I / you / we / they go?
• Does he / she / it go?

20.

How to Answer Questions in the Present Simple
Does he drink coffee?
Do you drink coffee?
• Yes, I drink coffee.
Yes, he drinks coffee.
• Yes, I do.
Yes, he does.
• No, I don’t drink coffee.
No, he doesn’t drink coffee.
• No, I don’t.
No, he doesn’t.

21.

Present Simple
of the Verb to Be

22.

Present Simple Affirmative of The Verb to Be
Long Form
Short form / Contraction
I am
I’m
You are
You’re
He / she / it is
He’s / She’s / It’s
We / You / They are
We’re / You’re / They’re

23.

Present Simple Negative of The Verb to Be
To make the negative form of the verb to be, you add ‘not’ after it.
There are two possible short forms or contractions, except in the first person.
Long Form
I am not.
You are not.
He / she / it is not.
We / You / They are not.
Short form / Contraction
I’m not.
You’re not / You aren’t.
He / She / It isn’t /
He’s not / She’s not / It’s not.
We / You / They aren’t /
We’re not / You’re not /
They’re not.

24.

Present Simple Interrogative of The Verb to Be
To make questions with the verb to be, you change the word order:
Subject + Verb (affirmative)
(I am / You are / He is / She is / It is / We are / They are)
to
Verb + Subject (interrogative)
(Am I? / Are you? / Is he? / Is she? / Is it? / Are we? / Are they?)

25.

How to Answer Present Simple Questions with
The Verb to Be
• Are you Spanish?
Long answers:
Yes, I’m Spanish. / No, I’m not Spanish.
Short answers:
Yes, I am.* / No, I’m not.
• Is he American?
Long answers:
Yes, he’s American. / No, he’s not American. / No, he isn’t American.
Short answers:
Yes, he is.* / No, he’s not / No, he isn’t.
• Are they Japanese?
Long answers:
Yes, they’re Japanese. / No, they’re not Japanese. /
No, they aren’t Japanese.
Short answers:
Yes, they are.* / No, they’re not. / No, they aren't.
* It’s not possible to use contractions in
short affirmative answers.
Go to ‘Present Simple Negative:
Other Verbs’ slide

26.

When to Use Present Simple
When do you use the Present Simple in English?
You use Present Simple to talk about
repeated actions or events, permanent states
and things that are always true.

27.

Let’s Look at Some Examples
Routines and repeated actions:
We work from Monday to Friday.
He goes to the gym on Saturdays.
I start work at 9:00 am.
She gets up at 7:00 am.

28.

Let’s Look at Some Examples
Permanent states, situations or feelings:
They live in Spain.
She works in an office.
I like chocolate.
He loves his family.

29.

Let’s Look at Some Examples
Things that are always true:
Water boils at 100ºC.
The Earth moves around the Sun.