Kyrgyz-English language program Elision

1.

KYRGYZ –TURKISH MANAS UNIVERSITY
Department of Translation
Kyrgyz-English language program
Elision
TKI-107
Phonetics
Supervised by: Aida Kasieva
Done by: Uulkan Aitmatova
14.12.22

2.

Outline
• Connected speech
• Weak forms
• Strong forms
• Elision
• Elision in the English language
• Elision in the Kyrgyz language
• References

3.

Connected speech
Connected speech means that when we speak a
language, words have some effect on each other.
We do not always pronounce words completely
separately with a neat pause in between. In fact,
many words affect each other when you put them
into phrases and sentences.
For example: “single ladies” turns into “singleadies” “social life” turns into “social-ife”

4.

Weak forms
Weak forms are syllable sounds that become unstressed in
connected speech and are often then pronounced as a schwa. In
the sentence below the first ‘do’ is a weak form and the second is
stressed. What do you want to do this evening?
• These weak form words are what we call function words, and
typically they are words such as:
• auxiliar verbs: am, are, be, been, can, could, do, does, has, had,
shall, should, was, were, would,
• prepositions: at, for, from, of, to,
• pronouns: he, her, him, his, me, she, them, us, we, you

5.

Strong forms
• What are strong forms in English?
• That weakened form is called «weak form» as opposed to
a «strong form», which is the full form of the word
pronounced with stress. The strong form only happens
when we pronounce the words alone, or when we
emphasize them.
• For example, the word ‘at’ is pronounced with the
strong form in the sentence ‘What are you looking at? ‘

6.

Elision
• Elision is simply the deletion or loss of a sound. Elision doesn’t
occur in weak form words. It occurs in content words, and there is
no change in vowels, if certain conditions are met. These conditions
are met when we put words together in connected speech .
• Elision is the omission of sounds, syllables or words in speech. This
is done to make the language easier to say, and faster. ‘I don’t
know’ /I duno/ , /kamra/ for camera, and ‘fish ‘n’ chips’ are all
examples of elision.
• Elision is used to fit words into a metrical scheme, to smooth the
rhythm of a poem, or to ease the pronunciation of words.

7.

Elision of /t/ and /d/
• The rules for elision of /t/ and /d/ are actually rather complex.
There are some quite specific environments in which the /t/ can be
delated, depending somewhat on regional accent. It’s never delated
in onset position.
• In the isolated versions, you will certainly use and pronounce the /
t/ . However, if you pronounce the words below, you can notice that
you are not actually pronouncing the final /t/ at all.
• last week /las wik/
• Next day /neks dei/
• Windstorm /winstorm/
• The /t/ and /d/ must be both preceded and followed by a
consonant in order to be elided.

8.

Elision of /h/
• Another consonant that is commy elided in connected speech is
/h/. /h/ can be elided only when it occurs in an unstressed
syllable. When syllable is stressed /h/ remains.
• his
| its izˈbɜːrθdeɪ |
• he
| i went|
• In fluent speech, if the word ‘he’ comes at the beginning of a
sentence or clause, then the ‘h’ sound /h/ is pronounced. But if it
comes in the middle of a sentence or clause and after a
consonant, then the ‘h’ sound is not usually pronounced.

9.

Elision of vowels
• In general, a high vowel (/i/ or /Ə/ ) that appears in a low-pitched syllable between two voiceless
consonants is devoiced and often deleted outright.
• a)
A word initial unstressed vowel /Ə/ and /i/
Example:
Go (a)way
P(o)lis
|ˈɡəʊˈweɪ|
|pliːs|
B(a)lloon
|bluːn|
• b). In a medial post tonic syllable
Example:
Family
History
National
|ˈfæmli|
|ˈhɪstrɪ|
|ˈnæʃnəl|

10.

Elision of schwa
• Schwa tends to be elided when it occurs before the sonorants /r,l,n/,
followed by a weak vowel. Schwa-elision is more common in frequent words
than in infrequent words.
• Separate /ˈsɛpərɪt/ mostly sounds as /ˈsɛprɪt/
• Several /ˈsɛvərəl/ mostly sounds as /ˈsɛvrəl/
• Different /ˈdɪfərənt/ mostly sounds as /ˈdɪfrənt/
• Chocolate /ˈtʃɒkəlɪt/ mostly sounds as /ˈtʃɒklɪt/
• Counselor /ˈkaʊnsələr/ mostly sounds as /ˈkaʊnslər/
• Basically /ˈbeɪsɪkəlɪ/ mostly sounds as /ˈbeɪsɪklɪ/
• Comfortable /ˈkʌmfərtəbəl/ sounds like /ˈkʌmftəbəl/
• Vegetable /ˈvɛdʒətəbəl/ sounds like /ˈvɛdʒtəbəl/

11.

Кыргыз тилиндеги элизия
Элизия – уңгу менен мүчөнүн же жанаша
келген эки сөздүн ортосундагы катар
келген эки үндүүнүн бирөөнүн жоюлуп
кетиши. Элизия- сөздүн аягы үндүү менен
бутүп, ага удаалаш сөз үндүү менен
башталганда, аяккы үндүүнүн түшүп
калышы: сары ала – сарала.

12.

Элизия кубулушунун учурлары
• 1) Аягы үндүү менен бүткөн сөзгө үндүү
менен башталган мүчө уланганда, уңгунун
аягындагы же мүчөнүн башындагы
үндүүлөрдүн бири сыйлыгышып түшүп
калат: алты+оо=алтоо, жети+өө=жетөө,
башта + оо = баштоо, иште+өө=иштөө,
же+ыш=жеш, ата+ым=атам жана башка.

13.

Элизия кубулушунун учурлары
• 2) Жанаша айтылган эки сөздүн
биринчиси үндүү менен аяктап, экинчиси
үндүү менен башталса биринчи сөздүн
аягындагы үндүү түшүрүлүп айтылат
(оозеки речте). Мисалы: кара уй-каруй;
эки айыл-эк айыл; бара алат-бар алат,
ж.б.

14.

References
•.
Book: Phonetics by Rachel Anne Knight
http://kyrgyzinfo.ru/

15.

Thank you for
your attention!