Влияние экологии на здоровье людей

1.

Проводят конференцию студенты ММК №3 42М.

2.

Государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение
среднего профессионального образования г.Москвы
Медицинский колледж №3
Департамента здравоохранения г.Москвы
Методическая разработка
студенческой учебно-практической конференции
Тема: «Влияние экологии на здоровье человека»
Дисциплина «Английский язык»
Специальность: 060109 Сестринское дело
Базовый уровень среднего профессионального образования
Москва, 2015г.

3.

Цель занятия
Выработать и развить у
студентов навыки и умения
общения по теме: «Влияние
экологии на здоровье
человека»

4.

Воспитательные цели
Активизировать воспитательный процесс при
подготовке к конференции.
Развивать у студентов гуманные и
общечеловеческие качества личности
Формировать качества личности медицинского
работника (сочувствие, сострадание, гуманизм,
чуткость, милосердие, отзывчивость, быстроту
реакции).

5.

Этапы конференции:
1. Обсуждение темы «Влияние экологии на здоровье
человека" на цикловой
2. Литературные исследования.
3.Научные исследования:
а) работа со студентами
б) работа с инициативной группой
4.Конференция
5.Этапы конференции
6.Итоги конференции

6.

Учебные цели :
1) развивать интерес у студентов к
самостоятельной деятельностью с помощью
наглядно-информативных методов обучения.
2)Развивать индивидуальные артистические
и творческие способности студентов.
3)Демонстрация студентами
коммуникативных умений по теме :

7.

Педагогические цели
1)активировать учебно-познавательную деятельность
студентов
2)Приблизить учебный процесс к профессиональной
деятельности
3)Выработать интерес к аналитической деятельности
при подготовке презентации

8.

Мотивация
Студенту-медику необходимо совершенствовать знания по
английскому языку
1.Некоторые студенты после окончания учебы в колледже
будут работать в платных зарубежных центрах
2.Знания английского языка помогут изучать литературу по
сестринскому делу на английском языке в той области
медицины , в которой будет работать медсестра .
3. Также знания английского языка могут помочь при
использовании медикаментов из зарубежных стран , таких
как Англия , США, грамотно изучить их инструкцию по
применению .

9.

Ecological situation in Russia
The ecological situation is understood changeable in time
and space as a condition of the surrounding environment
which is forming under the influence of pollution and
other anthropogenous factors.

10.

From the point of view of anthropogenous influence on
environment distinguish the following its states:
the natural — i.e. not changed by direct activity of the person;
the equilibrium — such condition of environment at which the
speed of recovery processes is higher or it is equal to rates of
anthropogenous violations;
the crisis — a state at which the speed of anthropogenous
violations exceeds rate of self-restoration of natural systems, but
doesn't occur yet their basic change;
the critical — a state at which occurs while reversible
replacement before existing ecological systems on less
productive;
the catastrophic — a state at which already hardly reversible
process of fixing of unproductive ecological systems takes place;
condition of collapse — irreversible loss of biological efficiency
of ecological systems.

11.

Environment pollution — receipt and accumulation of
harmful substances in dangerous to this Wednesday
and for the person concentration — can be connected
as with the natural reasons (a volcanism, forest fires,
dust storms), and with a production activity of the
person — anthropogenous pollution.

12.

Sources of anthropogenous
pollution can be:
stationary (plants, factories)
mobile (vehicles).

13.

On a spatial sign they are subdivided on:
dot (factory pipes),
vulgar (coal pits)
linear (thoroughfares).

14.

At an assessment of an ecological situation chemical pollution is taken
into consideration as the most mass and almost universal first of all. In
total without city exception with their industrial enterprises, municipal
objects and transport, are a source in environment (air, an
underground and surface water, soils) any polluting substances.

15.

The ecological situation in Russia is characterized by
considerable heterogeneity.
About 15% of the territory of the country with the
population over 60 million people are in a critical or nearcritical condition and 65% of the territory practically aren't
mentioned by economic activity, and the ecological
situation in these areas is close to the natural.

16.

One of the largest pollutants of atmospheric air of the cities and
settlements is the motor transport which releases about 12
million t of polluting substances into the atmosphere. As a result
of industrial emissions for the last decade in Russia more than
200 thousand hectares of the wood, from them 98% —
coniferous were lost. The woods in the districts of Bratsk,
Krasnoyarsk, Yekaterinburg, Zabaykalsky Krai and Murmansk
region were especially strongly struck.

17.

Now about 80 billion t of solid waste are saved up for territories of the
country in dumps, ranges, storages and unorganized dumps. By
estimates if to place this waste in standard containers along the equator
line, they will surround it more than 400 times. The volume of the
saved-up toxic and dangerous wastes in dumps and dumps is estimated
at 1, 7 billion t. For their transportation it would be required three
trains long from Moscow to Khabarovsk.

18.

According to existing nature protection legislation
in the Russian Federation are allocated:
zones of emergency ecological situations (ecological
crisis) to which carry Kamensk-Ural (The Sverdlovsk
Region), Magnitogorsk (The Chelyabinsk Region),
Tchapaevsk (The Samara Region), Novocherkassk
(The Rostov Region);
zones of ecological disasters — Karabash (The
Chelyabinsk Region) and region of Black lands in
Kalmykia.

19.

Now becomes more and more obvious that at
preservation of the developed nature destructive
tendencies in Russia deterioration of an ecological
situation can be expected in the near future. Decline
in production in recent years didn't entail similar
decrease in pollution as in crisis conditions of the
enterprise began to save on nature protection
expenses. The difficult social and economic situation
of society continues to aggravate an ecological
situation.

20.

The basic principles of environmental management and
protection of natural resources include the following
directions:
Use of natural resources has to be accompanied by their restoration.
Recovery actions can be used only for renewal of natural resources
which treat a plant and animal life, fertility of soils. Deforestation,
hunting and other kinds of activity which can cause an irreplaceable
loss to these types of resources are strictly controlled by the state, for
example. For protection of an animal and flora creation of especially
protected territories to which reserves, wildlife areas, national and
natural parks, nature sanctuaries belong is provided.

21.

For the organization of rational use of land resources
in Russia the state land management — system of
actions for regulation of the land relations, the
organizations of use and earth protection as means of
production is carried out.
national and natural parks, nature sanctuaries.

22.

Complex use of natural resources this direction of rational
environmental management has to be carried out first of
all for the ischerpayemykh!!! of natural resources, i.e. for
minerals. Thus it is possible to allocate two tendencies one
of which assumes use of the same resources in different
branches of economy, another — fuller extraction of
resources for production stages.
national and natural parks, nature sanctuaries.

23.

Recycling of natural resources. Practically all types of
made materials: metal, paper, fabrics, plastic — it is
possible to subject to secondary processing. First,
secondary processing allows to save primary raw
materials and energy as on production of products
from secondary raw materials much less energy is
required. For example, scrap metal melting in steel
requires 10 times less energy, than for steel smelting
from ore. Secondly, secondary processing allows to
reduce amount of solid waste.

24.

Carrying out nature protection actions. These events
have to be held first of all by the industrial enterprises,
and the government bodies which are responsible for
protection of surrounding environment, have to
control their performance.
allows to reduce amount of solid waste.

25.

Any industrial enterprise has to be equipped with
treatment facilities, take measures for introduction of
low-waste technologies, provide observance of a mode
of sanitary and security zones which are established
round each enterprise.

26.

Introduction of the latest technologies for the purpose
of decrease in load of environment. The purpose of
development of low-waste and resource-saving
technologies — creation of the closed production
cycles, with full use of arriving raw materials and not
developing waste leaving for their framework. It is
attempt to reproduce natural cycles where all elements
are interconnected and cause each other.

27.

In materials of the European economic commission of
the UN and the Declaration on the low-waste and
waste-free technology accepted in 1979 at meeting on
the all-European cooperation in the field of
environmental protection, low-waste and waste-free
technology are defined as practical application of
knowledge, methods and means within needs of the
person to provide the most rational use of natural
resources and to protect environment. About the huge
potential of low-waste technologies tell such figures.
Now because of imperfection of technologies of
production in the earth there are to 70% of oil, 30% of
coal, 20% of iron ore etc.

28.

Introduction of resource-saving technologies especially actually
for the resources. For example, technologies which will allow to
increase oil refining depth are developed. Methods now in use
allow to receive from oil only 60% of valuable products, other
40% — it is fuel oil. More perfect technologies will allow to
receive 90% of valuable products. Such increase in depth of oil
refining will allow to spend for receiving the same amount of
gasoline 2 t of oil instead of 3 t.

29.

Findings
Food chains in nature help keep the
balance in the complex system of
relationships of living organisms.
Nature gave everyone (even the
smallest) living being its own, the main
role, which is to be performed by each
animal.