Introduction to prevention. Oral hygiene

1.

DEPARTMENT OF "CHILDREN'S DENTISTRY"
Introduction to prevention.
Oral hygiene
Head of the Department of «Children's dentistry».
Associate Professor, Ph.D. Losev K.V.

2.

Prevention is a system of state, social,
hygienic and medical measures aimed at
ensuring a high level of health and preventing
diseases.

3.

Prevention levels
Primary prevention is a system of state, social, medical,
hygienic and educational measures aimed at preventing
dental diseases by eliminating the causes and
conditions of their occurrence, as well as increasing the
body's resistance to the effects of adverse factors in the
natural, industrial and household environment.

4.

Prevention levels
Secondary prevention is a set of measures aimed at
preventing relapses and complications of diseases.
- planned treatment of oral diseases (sanitation)

5.

Prevention levels
Tertiary prevention is a system of measures aimed at
the rehabilitation of the dental status by preserving the
functionality of the organs and tissues of the
maxillofacial region, mainly by the method of
replacement (prosthetics).

6.

Oral hygiene items
• Toothbrushes
• Fingertips (for cleaning by parents to children)
• Tongue brushes
• Dental floss
• Toothpicks
• Interdental stimulators
• Brushes
• Irrigators

7.

Classification of toothbrushes
• According to the mode of action,
there are:
1. Manual.
Operated by the
patient's hand.
2. Automatic (electric, ultrasonic,
ionic) Set in motion by an electric
motor.

8.

Classification of toothbrushes
• Аccording to the degree of
hardness:
1. very hard [extra hard]
2. hard
3. medium hardness [medium]
4. soft [soft]
5. very soft [extra soft].
• Brush options:
1.Synthetic
2.natural

9.

Classification of toothbrushes
• By the number of tufts of
bristles:
1. Monobeam
2. Мultibeam

10.

Classification of toothbrushes
• By bristle trim level
1. Single level (all on the
same level)
2. Multilevel (beams of
different lengths)

11.

Classification of toothbrushes
• By the number of bristles
1. Standard (about 500)
2. Multi-bristle (more than
5000, example CURAPROX sensitive)

12.

Classification of toothbrushes
• By the presence of an
indicator
1. With indicator bristles
(blue or light green)
2. Without indicator

13.

Classification of toothbrushes
Sometimes you can stumble upon a very unusual brush. For example,
Dr.Barman's Super Brush cleans the tooth from three sides at once.

14.

Requirements for
toothbrushes
1.The fibers in the toothbrush should be burr-free and
have rounded ends(prevent gum injury)
2. The handle of the toothbrush should be comfortable
and securely fixed in the hand. (Prevention of injury to
gums and teeth.)

15.

Classic (manual)
toothbrush
• After using this brush, rinse with
warm water and store the working
part upright.
• Flaws: Changing the pressure on the
toothbrush leads to abrasion of
certain areas on the surface of the
teeth.In most cases, loworal hygiene.
• Life time: Change when worn Once
every 3 months, even if there is no
wear.

16.

Electric Toothbrush
Advantages:
1.Higher level of oral hygiene.
2.Constant level of bristles reduces irritationgums and abrasion of
tooth tissues.
Care:
After brushing, the toothbrush head is rinsed with warmwater, then
wash the drive shaft, and putinto a storage container.
Contraindications:
With tooth mobility of the 3rd degree, stomatitis, hypertrophic
gingivitis.
Flaws:
If used incorrectly, it injures the gums and tooth tissues.
Life time:
Heads are changed every 3 months. Use heads with soft bristles only.

17.

Ultrasonic toothbrush
Mechanism of action
Thanks to the ultrasonic waves of
the toothbrush, microbial bonds
are broken, and this makes it
easy to remove plaque from the
surface of the teeth.

18.

Advantages:
1. Makes it possible to avoid the negative abrasive effect on the
tissues of the teeth.
2. Optional use of toothpaste.
Care:
Rinse with cold water after use. be sure to dry the handle and
head of the toothbrush. and put in the charger.
Indications for use:
People with crown implants, braces, retainers.
Contraindications:
Do not use for people who have pacemakers and defibrillators.
Life time:
Heads are changed as they wear out or after 3 months.

19.

Irrigators
Classification:
family, individual, road.
An irrigator is a device with which a jet of
warm water is supplied to flush out food
debris from the interdental spaces and
cleanse the periodontal fold, as well as
massage the gums, which improves the
blood supply to the gums.
Indications for use:
People with crown implants, braces,
retainers. Instead of plain water, you can
use various herbal decoctions and special
mouthwashes.

20.

21.

22.

Dental floss. Floss
• Designed to thoroughly remove
plaque and food debris from the
interdental spaces.
• Flosses consist of the finest nylon or
other polymer fibers connected by
mechanical twisting or gluing.
• Flosses are produced in packages
that exclude contamination of the
thread inside.
• The packages indicate the length,
thickness and other characteristics of
the thread.

23.

Dental floss. Floss
Main components of dental
floss:
• microcrystalline wax (if the
thread is waxed)
• glycerin
• omathydrogenated
• castor oil
• saccharin or saccharic acid
• flavoring or mint additive
• a number of other
components.

24.

According to the shape of the cross section:
1.
Round (who has wide gaps between the teeth of trema, diastema)
2.
Flat (who have tight interdental contacts)
Surface treatment:
1.
Waxed (glide well, tear resistant, recommended for patients with tight
interdental contacts).
2.
Unwaxed (they have better cleansing ability because they are defibrated).
By the presence of impregnation:
1.
Without impregnation
2.
Impregnated (sodium fluoride, chlorhexidine, menthol, etc.)

25.

Recommendations for use:
• 30-40 cm of floss is pulled out of the
cassette
• the thread must be taken with both
hands, most of it should be wound on
the index or middle finger of the left
hand, the rest on the index or middle
finger of the right hand
• then the thread must be pulled so that
its length between the fingers is about
10 cm. Using the thumbs, the thread is
inserted into the interdental space and
moves 6-7 times from bottom to top
for the lower jaw and from top to
bottom for the upper jaw towards the
chewing surface

26.

Recommendations for use:
• after that, the floss is removed
from under the gums, but is
not removed from the
interdental space.In the same
way, the surface of the
adjacent tooth is cleaned.
• at the end of cleaning, the
floss is removed from the gap
between the teeth. The spent
area of the floss is wound on
the middle finger of the right
hand
• the procedure is repeated on
all teeth

27.

TOOTHPICKS
They are used to clean interdental spaces and teeth affected by
caries.
Kinds:
1.Wooden
2.Plastic
3.Rubber
4.Metal

28.

TOOTHPICKS
The toothpick is placed at
an angle of 45º to the
surface of the tooth and,
pressing
against
the
enamel, is advanced along
the
interdental
space,
removing food debris.

29.

Interdental brushes
An interdental brush is
a small cylindrical or
conical brush.

30.

Interdental brushes
Designed for cleaning wide interdental spaces, spaces under fixed orthodontic
structures, implants.
In addition to cleaning the bristles of the brush, they massage the gums,
improving blood circulation.
The shape of the brushes are conical and cylindrical.
According to the stiffness of the bristles, they are soft and hard.

31.

Usage technique:
the brush is inserted into each
interdental space and cleaning is
performed by reciprocating movements
and rotating the brush clockwise. The
finest bristles of the brushes easily
penetrate into the most inaccessible
places of the interdental spaces and
adequately clean.

32.

INTERDENTAL STIMULATORS
These are elastic cones made of polymeric
materials, they are mainly used for
massaging the gums and cleaning the
interdental spaces.
Recommended for cleaning wide interdental
spaces and periodontal diseases.
Usage technique:
Interdental stimulators are introduced into
each interdental space, with light pressure
on the gingival papilla, circular movements
are carried out, advancing the interdental
stimulator into the interdental space in
progressive circular motions.

33.

THANK YOU FOR YOUR
ATTENTION