Human nervous system

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HUMAN NERVOUS SYSTEM

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Lesson objectives
To study the structure and functions of
spinal cord and brain.

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How does paralysis occur?

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Function of human nervous system
Nervous system controls and regulates
the work of all body parts, from simple
finger movement till very complex
heartbeat.

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Parts of human nervous system
Human nervous system includes 2 parts:
Central Nervous System (CNS)
2. Peripheral nervous system (PNS):
1.

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Central Nervous System
Central Nervous System (CNS): includes
brain and spinal cord.
It consists of interneurons.

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Brain
Brain, body’s main processing and
controlling center which is protected by
skull and includes about 100 billion
neurons
All body activities, emotions, thought,
memories are controlled by brain

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Brain parts
The brain consists of three main parts:
Forebrain
2. Midbrain
3. Hindbrain
1.

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BRAIN: 1. Forebrain
(передний мозг)
Largest portion of the human brain,
composed of cerebrum.

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Cerebrum
Upper covering part,
has many folds,
divided into 2
hemispheres.
Responsible for
thought, voluntary
skeletal muscles
movement, skin feel,
vision, hearing and
smell and etc.

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BRAIN: 2. Midbrain
Acts as a bridge
between forebrain
and hindbrain.
It has control
centers for vision,
hearing , biorythm

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BRAIN: 3. Hindbrain
(задний мозг)
Composed of medulla oblongata
(продолговатый мозг), cerebellum
(мозжечок) and pons (мост)

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a. Medulla oblongata:
Located in the border of spinal cord and brain
Regulates involuntary working activities
respiratory, circulatory and excretory activities,
swallowing, sneezing, vomiting and etc.
b. Cerebellum:
Located in posterior end of brain
Regulates balance, posture and movement
c. Pons:
Bridge-like structure

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CNS: spinal cord
Spinal cord is a dense cable coming out
from brain and protected by vertebral
column.
Spinal cord transmits signals from brain and
to brain and functions in reflexes.
A reflex is a sudden, involuntary contraction
of muscles in response to a stimulus.
31 pairs of nerves extend from spinal cord
that go to all body parts

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Let’s do an activity on p.93

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Homework
Read p. 92-93
Answer to literacy questions on p 93.
New words