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English Grammar. Conditionals
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English GrammarConditionals
by Alwyn van Deventer
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CONTENTSA
First Conditional
B
Second Conditional
C
Third Conditional
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First Conditional01
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if + present simple, ... will + infinitiveCondition
Clause
If (condition)
will + (clause)
If IT RAINS TOMORROW
I WILL STAY AT HOME.
Talk about something that will/can
happen in the future.
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Put this conditional togetherA
B
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turn these into the FIRST conditionalA
B
C
D
don't eat junk food
be late
buy some shoes
bring you something
unhealthy
miss the train
have money
have time
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1. If I pass my exams, I will …2. I will drive to work if …
3. I will pass my exams if …
4. If I win some money, …
5. I will get married if …
6. If the weather is nice, …
7. I will learn about new cultures if …
8. I will swim in the sea if …
9. If I go to university, …
10. If I go to the cinema, …
11. If I get up early tomorrow …
12. If I don´t have breakfast tomorrow morning …
13. If there is a war here next month …
14. If you give me a red rose next class …
15. If I fail my English exams …
16. I´ll fall in love with someone if …
17. I´ll be very happy if you …
18. I won´t be glad if my teacher …
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Second Conditional02
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if + past simple, ...would + infinitiveCondition
Clause
If (condition)
would + (clause)
If I WAS RICH
I WOULD BUY 10 HOUSES.
If I HAD HER NUMBER
I WOULD CALL HER.
Possibly NOT true in the future ------------------------------------------------ DEFINITELY NOT TRUE in the present
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Put this conditional togetherA
B
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turn these into the SECOND conditionalA
B
C
D
don't eat junk food
be late
buy some shoes
bring you something
unhealthy
miss the train
have money
have time
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1.What would you do if you won the lottery?
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What would you do if you found a fat wallet on the street?
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If you could travel in time, where would you go?
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If you could be a fruit, what kind of fruit would you be?
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If you had the chance to be anyone else, who would you be?
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If you received one million dollars but can't spend it on yourself, what would you do?
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What would you do if you were stranded on a desert island?
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If you had a superpower, how would you use it?
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If you could see the future, how would you use it?
10. What would you do if you only had one day to live?
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If you were the leader of your country, what would you change?
12. If you had 3 wishes, what would you wish for?
13. If it was snowing right now, what would you be doing?
14. If you wake up and it's 1969, what would you do?
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Third Conditional03
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if + past perfect, ...would + have + past participleCondition
Clause
If (condition)
would + (clause)
If I HAD BEEN RICH
I WOULD HAVE BOUGHT 10 HOUSES
About the past. Something that didn't happen, and to image the result if it did happen.
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Put this conditional togetherA
B
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turn these into the THIRD conditionalA
B
C
D
don't eat junk food
be late
buy some shoes
bring you something
unhealthy
miss the train
have money
have time
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1.I wasn't thirsty. I didn't drink the lemonade.
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I didn't know Kirsty was in town. I didn't call her.
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I didn't know watching this documentary was important for our exam. I didn't watch it.
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I walked home from the disco. My friend was too drunk to drive.
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I didn't go to the store. I thought it closed at 5pm. It closed at 6pm.
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I ate the yoghurt in the fridge. I thought it was mine, not yours.
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I am really hungry now. I didn't have any breakfast.
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I didn't see Tony at the party. I wanted to speak to him about his vacation in France.
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I didn't study hard. I failed the test.
10. I wanted to go fishing. I rained really hard.
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We saved money. Could not afford a better car.
12. I didn't ask her out on a date. We didn't have a good relationship.
13. I didnt know what she would do. I borrowed her my car.
14. I got into big trouble. My parents came home early.
15. Went to the party. Had an accident in his car.