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Spotlight. 10 Module 4. Modal verbs

1.

Spotlight 10
Module 4 c
Grammar in Use
Modal verbs
Phrasal verb Run

2.

Modals
can/could
should
may/might
must/have to
ought
need

Это тип глаголов, которые определяют вероятность, возможность,
способность или необходимость совершения действия.
Например: You should call her immediately. — Тебе следует
немедленно позвонить ей.
Не меняются в зависимости от лица и времени действия. Вопросительная
форма не требует вспомогательных глаголов, а в отрицательной добавляется
частичка not.
Например:
Can you call me later? — Ты можешь позвонить мне позже?
I cannot answer the phone right now. — Прямо сейчас я не могу
ответить на звонок.

4.

Can/Could
Can
• possibility
• ability
• permission
• request
Could
• past possibility, ability
• asking for permission
• request
Can you help me today?
Can you speak Chinese?
I can drive a car.
You can go.
She can play the drums when all
neighbours are away.
Could you pass me some sugar?
She could read when she was five
years old.

5.

May/Might
May
• request
• permission
• possibility
Might
• possibility (higher degree of
doubt)
• polite suggestion
You may leave your bag here
until the classes are over.
May I borrow your notebook?
They may know it, but I am
really not sure.
They might know it, but they
were out of town.

6.

Should/Ought to
Should
suggestion, advice
Ought to
moral obligation denoting a
duty, advice or a reasonable
action
You should tell me the truth before
it’s too late.
You ought to ring Kim, she is ill.
You ought to keep children under
control.
You ought to practice more to enter
the university.

7.

Must/Mustn’t
Must
• obligation imposed by the
speaker / logical assumption
• assumption
Mustn’t
• Prohibition
• recommendation
You must stay in bed until the
temperature gets down.
This must be Kate.
You must not swim in this river
alone.
You mustn’t eat so much sugar.

8.

Must/Have to

9.

10.

11.

Need
• В качестве модального глагола
используется, чтобы спросить
или дать разрешение. Как
правило, его используют лишь
в отрицательных и
вопросительных
предложениях.
— Need I speak to him right now?
— Yes, you must /No, you needn’t.

12.

Ex.1, p.68

13.

Task 1 Choose the correct word.
1. He … (can’t/couldn’t) open the window as it was stuck.
2. Interpreters … (may/must) translate without dictionaries.
3. … (Can/May) I use me your bike for today?
4. … (May/Could) you give me the recipe for this cake?
5. I hardly ever see Jane, she … (may/might) have moved to Africa.
6. Take an umbrella. It … (may/can) rain.
7. You … (could/should) stop smoking. You know you … (cannot/must not) buy health.
8. Liz doesn’t … (ought to/have to) keep to a diet anymore.
9. You … (must not/needn’t) read in the dark.
10.My grandfather is retired, so he … (shouldn’t/doesn’t have to) go to work.
11.We … (may/ought to) reserve a table in advance if we want to have dinner there.
12.I … (can’t/needn’t) believe it! You … (have to/must) be joking.
13.Don’t wait for me tonight. I … (might/must) be late.
14.You look very pale, I think you … (need/should) stay at home.
15.… (Could/Might) you, please, pass me the mustard?

14.

Check your answers
1. He couldn’t open the window as it was stuck.
2. Interpreters must translate without dictionaries.
3. May I use me your bike for today?
4. Could you give me the recipe for this cake?
5. I hardly ever see Jane, she might have moved to Africa.
6. Take an umbrella. It may rain.
7. You should stop smoking. You know you cannot buy health.
8. Liz doesn’t have to keep to a diet anymore.
9. You must not read in the dark.
10.My grandfather is retired, so he doesn’t have to go to work.
11.We ought to reserve a table in advance if we want to have dinner there.
12.I can’t believe it! You must be joking.
13.Don’t wait for me tonight. I might be late.
14.You look very pale, I think you should stay at home.
15. Could you, please, pass me the mustard?

Spotlight. 10 Module 4. Modal verbs

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