Terminology of Science and Technology

1.

Terminology of Science
and Technology

2.

Introduction
Understanding scientific and
technological terms is crucial in
today's world.
This presentation aims to demystify
common terminology in these fields.

3.

Importance of Terminology
Clear communication: Accurate terms
facilitate effective communication among
scientists, engineers, and the general
public.
Precision: Proper terminology ensures
precision in conveying ideas, data, and
concepts.
Innovation: Understanding terminology
fosters innovation by enabling
collaboration and building on existing
knowledge.

4.

Scientific Terminology
Scientific Method: The systematic approach
to research, involving observation,
hypothesis formation, experimentation, and
analysis.
Hypothesis: A testable explanation for
observed phenomena.
Theory: A well-substantiated explanation
based on extensive experimentation and
observation.

5.

Branches of Science
Physics: The study of matter, energy,
and their interactions.
Biology: The study of living organisms
and their interactions with each other
and their environment.
Chemistry: The study of the
composition, structure, properties, and
reactions of matter.

6.

Technological Terminology
Algorithm: A set of rules or instructions
designed to perform a specific task, often
used in computer programming.
Artificial Intelligence (AI): Intelligence
demonstrated by machines, often involving
learning, problem-solving, and decisionmaking.
Internet of Things (IoT): The network of
interconnected devices and objects that can
collect and exchange data.

7.

Emerging Technologies
Blockchain: A decentralized, distributed ledger
technology used for secure and transparent
transactions.
Quantum Computing: A computing paradigm
that uses quantum-mechanical phenomena to
perform operations on data.
Biotechnology: The use of biological systems,
organisms, or derivatives to develop products
and technologies for various applications.

8.

Commonly Confused Terms
Climate Change vs. Weather: Climate change
refers to long-term shifts in weather patterns,
while weather describes short-term atmospheric
conditions.
Accuracy vs. Precision: Accuracy refers to how
close a measurement is to the true value, while
precision relates to the consistency of repeated
measurements.
Data vs. Information: Data are raw facts or
figures, while information is processed data that
has meaning and context.

9.

Resources for Understanding Terminology
Online Databases: Websites like ScienceDirect,
IEEE Xplore, and Google Scholar offer access to a
vast repository of scientific and technical
literature.
Glossaries and Encyclopedias: Many scientific
organizations and educational institutions provide
glossaries and encyclopedias to help understand
terminology.
Professional Networks: Joining scientific and
technical communities can provide opportunities
for learning and collaboration.

10.

Here are examples of technological and
scientific terms along with brief explanations:
Artificial Intelligence (AI):
Example: AI is used in virtual assistants like Siri
and Alexa to understand and respond to user
commands, perform tasks such as setting
reminders, playing music, and providing
recommendations based on user preferences.

11.

Internet of Things (IoT):
Example: IoT devices, such as smart thermostats
and fitness trackers, collect and exchange data over
the internet to automate processes, monitor
environments, and provide insights for users.
Biotechnology:
Example: Biotechnology is applied in medicine to
develop vaccines, produce insulin through genetic
engineering, and create genetically modified crops
with improved traits such as disease resistance and
higher yields.

12.

Quantum Computing:
Example: Quantum computers have the potential to
revolutionize fields like cryptography by breaking
encryption methods currently considered secure for
classical computers, leading to the development of
quantum-resistant encryption algorithms.
Genetic Engineering:
Example: Genetic engineering techniques are used to
modify the DNA of organisms, such as bacteria, to
produce insulin for diabetes treatment, or to create
genetically modified crops with traits like herbicide
resistance and increased nutritional value.

13.

Renewable Energy:
Example: Solar panels convert sunlight into
electricity, providing a sustainable and
environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuels
for powering homes, businesses, and even entire
communities.
Nanotechnology:
Example: Nanotechnology is used in medicine to
develop targeted drug delivery systems that can
deliver medication directly to diseased cells,
minimizing side effects and improving treatment
efficacy.

14.

Machine Learning:
Example: Machine learning algorithms analyze large
datasets to identify patterns and make predictions
without being explicitly programmed, enabling
applications like spam filtering in email,
recommendation systems in e-commerce, and
medical diagnosis.
These examples showcase how technological and
scientific terms are applied in various fields,
highlighting their significance in advancing
innovation and solving real-world problems.

15.

Affiliate marketing
Affiliate marketing is a strategy in which a company
offers incentives to third-party affiliates to sell the
company's products on its website or social media
channel. The affiliate markets the company's
products by running banner ads, text ads or
posting affiliate links on its websites and social
media platforms. Clicking on these text ads and
links redirects clients to the e-commerce site. This
site credits the affiliate account with a commission
when clients purchase the products.

16.

Assistive technology
Assistive technology is any software or
hardware you can use to help people who
have various disabilities. Assistive
technology products can include
wheelchairs, prosthetics or text-to-speech
technology. The primary function of these
products is to improve how well people
can function and act independently to
promote their well-being.

17.

Authentication
Authentication is how companies verify a
person's identity or device before allowing
them to access network systems. This
cybersecurity strategy can protect an
organization's sensitive information from
unofficial access. The three main
authentication factors are knowledge factors,
such as passwords and other confidential login
details, possession factors, such as an access
card or key fob, and inherent factors, such as
fingerprints.

18.

Back-end
Back-end refers to any process that software
or applications perform that doesn't affect a
user's experience, meaning it isn't visible to
the user. You can store and access most data
and operating syntax from the back end of a
computer system. For example, a website
encrypts your credit card data in the back end
of the checkout page, and that information
isn't visible to third parties.

19.

Computer-aided design (CAD)
Computer-aided design is the use of computer
software to aid in creating, modifying and
optimizing designs. Architects, construction
managers, product designers and graphic
designers often use this software to create
precise images before building a final product.
This software saves time and resources by
speeding the design process and allowing you to
make changes and fix design errors virtually
before creating the final product.

20.

Conclusion
Understanding terminology in science and
technology is essential for effective
translation, communication, precision, and
innovation.
Continuously expanding your knowledge of
terminology will enhance your ability to
translate, to engage with and contribute to
these fields.

21.

Thank you for
your attention!