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Conditional sentences

2.

Условие
Основная часть
предложения
(выполнение условия)

4.

Часть с является подчиненным
предложением, поэтому вопросы в таких
конструкциях задаются к основной
части предложения, то есть к следствию.

5.

Типы условных предложений
FIRST
CONDITIONAL
ZERO
CONDITIONAL
THIRD
CONDITIONAL
SECOND
CONDITIONAL
MIXED
CONDITIONAL

9.

First Conditional
If + S + any Present form, S + will/can/may/might/must/should + V

- Если вы заполните форму, я обработаю вашу заявку.
(вежливая просьба)
-Если вы не перестанете кричать, вам придется уйти.
(настойчивость)
-Я не знаю, сдам ли я экзамен по вождению.
(неуверенность)
-Если я увижу ее, я спрошу ее. (неопределённость)

12.

Second Conditional

13.

Second Conditional
If + S + V2 (were Ving) , S + would / could / might + V

14.

15.

Third Conditional

16.

Third Conditional
If+ S +had+V3(had been Ving), S + would/could/might + have V3

17.

Conditionals
1
будущее
3
прошедшее
+бы
пример
If the sun shines, snow melts. Если солнце светит, снег тает.
пример
If he leaves early, he’ll be on time. Если он выйдет рано, он будет вовремя.
исключения
If + S+ will V(просьба); If + S + would/should V(сомнение)
пример
If I should meet her, I’ll ask her. Если я встречу ее (сомневаюсь), я спрошу её.
пример
If I saw a ghost, I would run away. Если бы я увидел привидение, я бы убежал.
пример
If you had ask me, I would have helped you.
пример
If he had found a job, he wouldn’t be searching for one now.
пример
If he knew her, he would have spoken to her.
пример
If nobody phoned him, he won’t come to the party.

18.

Mixed Conditional

19.

Mixed Conditional

20.

Mixed Conditional

21.

Mixed Conditional

22.

Mixed Conditional
If + S + had + V3, S + should(would) + V
пример
If he had found a job, he wouldn’t be searching for one now.
If + S + V2(were Ving);S + could/would/might+have+ v3
пример
If he knew her, he would have spoken to her.
If + S + V2(were Ving), S + will/can/may/might/must + V
пример
If nobody phoned him, he won’t come to the party.

23.

Unless
As long as
Providing / Provided that
As long as
In case
On condition (that)
But for
Otherwise
Or else
What if
Supposing
Even if
Only if
Если не (Пока не)
Если
При условии, что
Пока
На тот случай, если
При условии, что
Если бы не
Иначе (В противном случае)
Или иначе
А что, если
Предположим
Даже если
Только если

24.

25.

26.

EXERCISES Zero Conditional
Make up sentences using IF.
1. (I / wake up late / I / be late for work)
2. (my husband / cook / he / burn the food)
3. (Julie / not wear a hat / she / get sunstroke)
4. (children / not eat well / they / not be healthy)
5. (you / mix water and electricity / you / get a shock)
6. (people / eat / too many sweets / they / get fat)
7. (you / smoke / you / get yellow fingers)
8. (children / play outside / they / not get overweight)
9. (you / heat ice / it / melt)
10. (I / speak to John / he / get annoyed)
11. (I / feel good the next day / I / go to bed early)
12. (lots of people / come / Jenny / have a party)
13. (she / buy expensive clothes / she / go shopping)
14. (my daughter / pass her exams / she / work hard)
15. (David / be sick / he / drink milk)
16. (the river / freeze / it / be very cold)
17. (I / like to visit the museums / I / be in a new city)
18. (I / cycle to work / the weather / be fine)
19. (my flatmate / clean it really well / she / clean the house)
20. (everybody / be grumpy / it / rain a lot)

27.

EXERCISES Zero Conditional
Answers:
1. If I wake up late, I’m late for work.
2. If my husband cooks, he burns the food.
3. If Julie doesn’t wear a hat, she gets sunstroke.
4. If children don’t eat well, they aren’t healthy.
5. If you mix water and electricity, you get a shock.
6. If people eat too many sweets, they get fat.
7. If you smoke, you get yellow fingers.
8. If children play outside, they don’t get overweight.
9. If you heat ice, it melts.
10. If I speak to John, he gets annoyed.
11. I feel good the next day if I go to bed early.
12. Lots of people come if Jenny has a party.
13. She buys expensive clothes if she goes shopping.
14. My daughter passes her exams if she works hard.
15. David is sick if he drinks milk.
16. The river freezes if it’s very cold.
17. I like to visit the museums if I am in a new city.
18. I cycle to work if the weather is fine.
19. My flatmate cleans really well if she cleans the house.
20. Everybody is grumpy if it rains a lot.

28.

EXERCISES First Conditional
Put the verbs in the brackets into the Present Indefinite or the Future Indefinite Tense.
1. If Peter _____________ (come) to my place, we___________ (go) to play in the yard.
2. If Peter_______________ (not come) to my place, I _________________ (watch) TV.
3. If Frank’s parents____ (have) their holidays in summer, they ____ (go) to the seaside.
4. If they __________ (have) their holidays in winter, they ____________ (stay) at home.
5. If the fog ____________ (thicken), Harold __________ (put up) the tent for the night.
6. When I ________________ (finish) my work, I________________ (go) to the cinema.
7. We___________ (buy) this book as soon as our mother_______ (give) us some money.
8. When we __________ (come) to your place you____________ (show) us your present.
9. I________________ (return) you your ring when you___________________ (ask) me.
10. I________________ (wait) for my friend until he____________ (come) from the shop.
11. My father_________________ (start) writing before the sun ________________ (rise).
12. As soon as you _________ (finish) your study I________ (present) you with a new flat.

29.

EXERCISES Second Conditional
Complete the Conditional Sentences (Type II) by putting the verbs into the correct form.
1. If we (have) _________________ a yacht, we (sail) ______________ the seven seas.
2. If he (have) _________________ more time, he (learn) _________________ karate.
3. If they (tell) _________________ their father, he (be) _______________ very angry.
4. She (spend) ________ a year in the USA if it (be) ______ easier to get a green card.
5. If I (live) _______ on a lonely island, I (run) ______________ around naked all day.
6. We (help) _________________ you if we (know) _________________________ how.
7. My brother (buy) __________ a sports car if he (have) ______________ the money.
8. If I (feel) _______________ better, I (go) ________________ to the cinema with you.
9. If you (go) _______________ by bike more often, you (be / not) _________ so flabby.
10. She (not / talk) _________________ to you if she (be) _______________ mad at you.

30.

EXERCISES Third Conditional
Complete the Conditional Sentences (Type III) by putting the verbs into the correct form.
1. If you (study) _________________ for the test, you (pass) ____________________ it.
2. If you (ask) _______________________ me, I (help) _______________________ you.
3. If we (go)___________________ to the cinema, we (see)_________ my friend Jacob.
4. If you (speak)___________________ English, she (understand)_________________.
5. If they (listen) _________________ to me, we (be) _________________ home earlier.
6. I (write) _________________ you a postcard if I (have) ____________ your address.
7. If I (not / break) __________ my leg, I (take part) _________________ in the contest.
8. If it (not/ start) _________________ to rain, we (walk) ___________ to the museum.
9. We (swim) _________ in the sea if there (not / be) __________ so many sharks there.
10. If she (take) _____________ the bus, she (not / arrive) _________________ on time.

31.

Exercise on Conditional Sentences
Type I, II and III
Complete the Conditional Sentences (Type I, II or III) by putting the verbs into the correct form.
1. If they (have) _______________ time at the weekend, they will come to see us.
2. If we sneak out quietly, nobody (notice) _______________.
3. If we (know) _______________ about your problem, we would have helped you.
4. If I (be) _______________ you, I would not buy that dress.
5. We (arrive) _______________ earlier if we had not missed the bus.
6. If I didn't have a mobile phone, my life (not / be) _______________ complete.
7. Okay, I (get) _______________ the popcorn if you buy the drinks.
8. If I (tell) _______________ you a secret, you would be sure to leak it.
9. She (go) _______________ out with you if you had only asked her.
10. I would not have read your diary if you (not hide) ____ it in such an obvious place.

32.

EXERCISES Mixed Conditional
Fill the gaps using the verbs in brackets. Some verbs must be in the negative in order to
make sense.
1 If you ....... late again for training again today (to be), I ........you play in tomorrow’s
match. (let)
2 I.......all August in Thailand (to spend) if I ....... the time and the money. (to have)
Maybe next year.
3 I ....... angry (to be) if you ........ my chocolate mousse. (to eat)
4 If just one person ........... my birthday (remember), I .......sad. (to be)
5 You.......sorry (to be) if you .......for your exams. (to revise)
6 I ........ that umbrella inside the house (open) if I ........ you. (to be) It's bad luck.
7 We........ (to eat) out if there....... no food at home. (to be)
8 The holidays ....... great (to be) if the weather ....... better. (to be)
9 I ........ out with him (to go) even if you ........ me. (to pay)
10 If you........ me about the concert (to tell), I ........ (to go)

33.

EXERCISES Mixed Conditional
Answers
1 If you are late again for training again today, I won’t let you play in tomorrow’s
match.
2 I’d spend all August in Thailand if I had the time and the money. Maybe next year.
3 I wouldn't be angry if you hadn’t eaten my chocolate mousse.
4 If just one person had remembered my birthday, I wouldn’t have been sad.
5 You'll be sorry if you don’t revise for your exams.
6 I wouldn’t open that umbrella inside the house if I were you. It's bad luck.
7 We’ll eat out if there's no food at home.
8 The holidays would have been great if the weather had been better.
9 I wouldn't go out with him even if you paid me.
10 If you had told me about the concert, I wouldn’t have gone.

34.

35.

36.

сожаление о
настоящем
I wish (if only) + S + V2 / could+Vinf
I wish you weren’t leaving tomorrow. I wish it wasn’t raining.
I wish I could ride a bicycle. (But I can’t) I wish I could go to the party.
маловероятное
желание изменить
что-то в будущем
I wish (If only) + S + would + Vinf
I wish my students would study for their exam. (But I don’t think they will)
I wish you would stop smoking! I wish it would stop raining!
сожаление о
прошлом
I wish (if only) + S +had + V3
I wish I had gone to the party last night. ( but I didn’t)
I wish I had brought my camera. I wish I had seen him.

37.

,
I wish my mother
I wish I
younger.
here

38.

Жаль, что ты тратишь столько денег на
косметику
Жаль, что у меня нет пяти
долларов

39.

40.

41.

Exercise
1. A: I wish I ……….. (speak) another language.
B: It's never too late. You could take an evening course.
2. A: If only I ……….. (train) harder for the race.
B:Well, you can compete again next year.
3. A: I wish I ……….. (not/give) George the money.
B: Don't worry; he will pay you back soon.
4. A: I wish Sill ……….. (tell) us why he's so sad today.
B: Maybe he just needs some time alone.
5. A: I wish you ……….. , (take off) your dirty boots at the door.
B: Sorry. I'll try to remember next time.
6. A: I wish I ……….. (wear) my heavy coat. I feel really cold now.
B: It's not your fault. The weather forecast said it would be sunny.
7. A: If only my children ……….. (be) more helpful with the housework.
B: You should give them some chores to do.
8. A: If only it ……….. (stop) snowing.
B: I know. It makes driving very dangerous.

42.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
If I knew his address, I ___ him.
A
visited
B
would visit
C
would visited
If Sue ___ anybody the news, it won’t be a secret.
A
tells
B
had told
C
told
If Tom ___ the bus, he would have come to the meeting on time.
A
hasn’t missed
B
hadn’t miss
C
hadn’t missed
If I see Jill, I ___ her to call you.
A
would remind
B
will remind
C
will reminded
If I were you, I ___ the red dress.
A
would choose
B
would chosen
C
woud chose
If she had been taking care of her health, she ___ ill.
wouldn’t have
wouldn’t have
A
wouldn’t have fell
B
C
fall
fallen
We will stay at this hotel provided it ___ much.
A
doesn’t cost
B
didn’t cost
C
hadn’t cost
If Mark ___ for the job, he would have got it.
A
applies
B
will apply
C
had applied
If it were not for the snow, we ___ a car to the cinema.
A
can drive
B
could drive
C
could drove
If he had phoned me, I ___ him the home task.
A
would have told
B
would tell
C
would have tell
They’ll go to the restaurant if they ___ a table in advance.
A
would reserve
B
reserve
C
reserved
If I found a purse, I ___ it back to the owner.
A
would give
B
had given
C
will give

43.

13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
If Mark ___ so much, he would be fit.
A
didn’t ate
B
won’t eat
C
didn’t eat
If he hadn’t asked for the directions, we ___ lost.
A
might has got
B
might have got
C
may got
We’ll miss you a lot in case you ___ to another house.
A
will move
B
would move
C
move
I wish I ___ in the countryside. (but I don’t)
A
lived
B
live
C
would live
I won’t believe you unless you ___ clear evidence.
A
give
B
will give
C
had given
We would have been injured in the crash if we ___ seatbelts.
hadn’t been
A
hasn’t been wearing
B
C
wore
wearing
If you hadn’t left your camera at home, we ___ lots of pictures.
A
could took
B
took
C
could have taken
If John ___ the local race, he will take part in the national championship.
A
won
B
wins
C
would win
I wish I ___ in the test. (but I did)
A
hadn’t cheated
B
didn’t cheat
C
wouldn’t cheat
I ___ in case I am not right.
A
has apologized
B
will apologize
C
would apologize
If Mike joined the studio, he ___ a great dancer.
A
had become
B
will become
C
would become
If I were you, I ___ about the incident.
hadn’t have
wouldn’t have
A
wouldn’t worry
B
C
worried
worry
If Jack hadn’t passed all the exams, he ___ the university.
wouldn’t have
A
wouldn’t finished
B
C
hadn’t finished
finished

44.

1
B
6
C
11
B
16
A
21
A
2
A
7
A
12
A
17
A
22
B
3
C
8
C
13
C
18
B
23
C
4
B
9
B
14
B
19
C
24
A
5
A
10
A
15
C
20
B
25
B

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